Comparison of Different Extraction Techniques of Zingiber officinale Essential Oil

Abstract

This study aims to find the best conditions for the extraction of Zingiber officinale essential oil using the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), steam distillation (SD) and hydrodistillation (HD) techniques, regarding the maximum oil yield. For the HD technique is evaluated the best ratio between plant mass and water volume and for SFE and SD the pressure condition was investigated. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the similarity between the composition of the essential oil in different pressures and extraction methods. The experimental extraction curve was plotted and three different mathematical models were used to fit the data for SD and SFE methods, obtaining the relevant mass transfer parameters. The essential oil compounds were identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), being αzingiberene the main component with different contents (from 11.9 to 28.9%). The best condition for the SFE HIGHLIGHTS  Ginger essential oil was extracted by SFE, SD and HD, modelling was also performed.  Different pressures (SD and SFE) and water volumes (HD) were investigated.  The extraction products were analyzed by GC/MS.  PCA was performed, geranial and α-zingiberene have the greatest covariance.

Quality Assessment of Zingiber officinale Roscoe Essential Oil from Nepal

“…A wide variation in Z. officinale rhizome essential oil chemical composition has been observed in the literature related to topological and geographical location as well as different factors such as maturity of rhizomes, harvesting time, genetic variation, and extraction procedures. 8,14,20‐24…”

“…The prepared stock solution of essential oils was then serially twofold diluted in fresh CAMHB to obtain final concentrations of 2500, 1250, 625, 312.5, 156.3, 78.1, 39.1, and 19.5 μg/mL. The freshly harvested bacteria with approximately 1.5 × 10 8 CFU/mL final concentration were added to each well of 96-well microdilution plates and were incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Gentamicin (Sigma-Aldrich) and DMSO were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. 35,38…”

“…[6][7][8] Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of Z officinale has also been carried out and compared to steam and hydrodistillation and has shown superior yields. 8,9 Note, however, that SFE does not provide a true essential oil. Gas chromatographic-mass spectral (GC-MS) analysis revealed Z. officinale rhizome essential oil to contain α-zingiberene, ar-curcumene, β-bisabolene, β-sesquiphellandrene, and citral as major constituents.…”

“…5 Less than 5.5% of essential oil extracted from Z. officinale rhizome has been reported in. [6][7][8] Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of Z officinale has also been carried out and compared to steam and hydrodistillation and has shown superior yields. 8,9 Note, however, that SFE does not provide a true essential oil.…”

Essential Oil Headspace Volatiles Prevent Invasive Box Tree Moth (Cydalima perspectalis) Oviposition—Insights from Electrophysiology and Behaviour

“…For potential sources of repellents, thousands of plants have been screened in the last 50 years [16], and recently essential oils (EOs) became the focus of attention. These concentrated hydrophobic liquids can be isolated from a vast array of plants, and the composition highly depends on the genotype [17], on the phenological stage [18], on the harvested plant part [19] and on the extraction method [20]. The volatile components are biosynthesized in different pathways, so they belong to polyketides and lipids, shikimic acid derivatives and terpenoids (hemi-, mono, sesquiterpenoids) [16,17].…”