Pseudomonas Aeruginosa: Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Abstract

In this review, we explore some aspects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factors that are related to disease development in healthy organisms and resistance to antibiotics. This pathogen is one of the most clinically and epidemiologically important bacteria in Brazil, being the major cause of opportunistic infections. Among the virulence factors, biofilm formation acting of manner different in the organism. Furthermore, we review several P. aeruginosa genes that act in antimicrobial resistance, such as β-lactamases against β-lactamers. The resistance to pied-lactamases in P. aeruginosa is associated to resistance to the broad-spectrum cephalosporin. On the other hand, there is a group of synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics acting on DNA synthesis is the quinolones that destroy HIGHLIGHTS  The bacterium has become the most antibiotic-resistant hospital disease  P. aeuroginosa developed a mechanism antimicrobial against classes of β-lactamases Rocha, A.J.; et al.

Detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients in rural Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

“…It is the leading cause of nosocomial infections such as urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, pneumonia, bacteremia and septicaemia 1 , 2 . It is one of the ESKAPE pathogens that is most medically and epidemiologically significant and has been implicated as a principal cause of chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and severe infections in burn victims 3 , 4 . The World Health Organization (WHO) has categorized P. aeruginosa as a critical priority pathogen, which needs urgent novel antibiotics intervention and was given a serious threat level due to multidrug resistance displayed to many antibiotics 5 , 6 .…”

Antibiogram of Pseudomonas species: an important tool to combat antibiotic resistance for patient safety in Gombe, Nigeria

“…Pseudomonas are non-fermentative oxidase-positive, motile, aerobic Gram-negative rods belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae, with a large genome of approximately 6.3 million base pairs (Mbp), encoding 5567 genes (1). Pseudomonas commonly colonizes hospital environment, equipment, and have remained a prominent cause of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) (2).…”

“…Pseudomonas generally possesses several virulence factors including lipopolysaccharide, type IV pili, type III and VI secretion systems, alginate, exotoxin A, proteases, quorum sensing, generation of oxidants in the airways, formation of biofilm and pigments (1). Pseudomonas generally are intrinsically resistant to several antibiotics, and recently, more resistance from acquired sources is progressively increasing (5).…”

Molecular Characteristics and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients attending Healthcare Facilities in Mthatha, South Africa

“…Background 3 P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen causing infections especially in immunocompromised patients. It is the leading cause of nosocomial infections such as urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, pneumonia, bacteremia and septicaemia [1][2][3] It is one of the ESKAPE pathogens that is most medically and epidemiologically significant and has been implicated as a principal cause of chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and severe infections in burn victims [4][5][6][7]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has categorized P. aeruginosa as a critical priority pathogen which needs urgent novel antibiotics intervention and has been given a serious threat level due to multidrug resistance displayed to many antibiotics [8,9].…”