Exosomes as Biomarker of Cancer

Sumrin, Aleena; Moazzam, Shumaila; Khan, Aleena Ahmad; Ramzan, Irsa; Batool, Zunaira; Kaleem, Sana; Ali, Moazzam; Bashir, Hamid; Bilal, Muhammad

doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2018160730

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Based on the cumulative evidence supporting the view that these cancer-derived exosomes contribute to all carcinogenesis steps [26,[47][48][49][50], this review aims to summarize the role of cancer-derived exosomes in cancer initiation, promotion, progression, and metastasis, highlighting mechanisms of action commonly reported in different malignancies.…”

Section: Cancer-derived Exosomes In Carcinogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Biology to Clinical Applications

Costa

Araldi

Vigerelli

et al. 2021

Cells

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Cancer is one of the most important health problems and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the advances in oncology, cancer heterogeneity remains challenging to therapeutics. This is because the exosome-mediated crosstalk between cancer and non-cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to the acquisition of all hallmarks of cancer and leads to the formation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which exhibit resistance to a range of anticancer drugs. Thus, this review aims to summarize the role of TME-derived exosomes in cancer biology and explore the clinical potential of mesenchymal stem-cell-derived exosomes as a cancer treatment, discussing future prospects of cell-free therapy for cancer treatment and challenges to be overcome.

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Section: Cancer-derived Exosomes In Carcinogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Biology to Clinical Applications

Costa

Araldi

Vigerelli

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…Exosomes released from tumor cells often contain oncogenic molecules and their molecular cargo differs from exosomes delivered by normal cells, so they can be used as non-invasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of most cancers. Their large amount and stability in different body fluids allows for their non-invasive acquisition and they are therefore considered a suitable diagnostic biomarker for distinguishing different stages of cancer [ 35 ], showing a higher sensitivity and specificity compared to other biomarkers derived from body fluids [ 36 ]. Since different types of tumors are characterized by tumor-specific miRNAs or proteins, the exosomal cargo released from their cells reflects the degree of tumor progression and the treatment outcome [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Overview Of Circulating Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Trends in the Detection of Gynecological Precancerous Lesions and Early-Stage Cancers

Holcakova

Bartošík

Anton

et al. 2021

Cancers

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The prevention and early diagnostics of precancerous stages are key aspects of contemporary oncology. In cervical cancer, well-organized screening and vaccination programs, especially in developed countries, are responsible for the dramatic decline of invasive cancer incidence and mortality. Cytological screening has a long and successful history, and the ongoing implementation of HPV triage with increased sensitivity can further decrease mortality. On the other hand, endometrial and ovarian cancers are characterized by a poor accessibility to specimen collection, which represents a major complication for early diagnostics. Therefore, despite relatively promising data from evaluating the combined effects of genetic variants, population screening does not exist, and the implementation of new biomarkers is, thus, necessary. The introduction of various circulating biomarkers is of potential interest due to the considerable heterogeneity of cancer, as highlighted in this review, which focuses exclusively on the most common tumors of the genital tract, namely, cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. However, it is clearly shown that these malignancies represent different entities that evolve in different ways, and it is therefore necessary to use different methods for their diagnosis and treatment.

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“…Knowledge of EVs is rapidly increasing and what we are learning is extremely challenging. In fact, the available data support a key role of this broad family of vesicles in both the homeostasis of our body and the pathophysiology of the vast majority of human diseases, including cancer, thus representing a valuable source of disease biomarkers [ 1 , 2 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: What Exosomes Arementioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: A Source for New and Old Biomarkers in Cancer

Logozzi

Mizzoni

Raimo

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Clinical oncology needs reliable tumor biomarkers to allow a follow-up of tumor patients who do not necessarily need invasive approaches. To date, the existing biomarkers are not sufficiently reliable, and many of them have generated more problems than facilitating the commitment of clinical oncologists. Over the last decades, a broad family of extracellular vesicles, with size ranging between micro to nano, has been raised as a new hope for potential sources of new tumor biomarkers. However, while knowledge in the field is increasing, we do not currently have definitive information allowing a clinical use of extracellular vesicles in cancer clinics. Recent evidence provides new perspective in clinical oncology, based on data showing that circulating nanovesicles called exosomes may represent a valuable source of tumor biomarkers. In this review, we discuss the existing clinical data supporting a key role of exosomes as a source of tumor biomarkers, including proteins and miRNAs, but also discuss the importance of the expression of known tumor biomarkers when expressed on exosomes.

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Exosomes as Biomarker of Cancer

Cited by 18 publications

References 84 publications

Exosomes in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Biology to Clinical Applications

Exosomes in the Tumor Microenvironment: From Biology to Clinical Applications

New Trends in the Detection of Gynecological Precancerous Lesions and Early-Stage Cancers

Exosomes: A Source for New and Old Biomarkers in Cancer

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