Arctiini Leach, [1815] (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) of the Brazilian Amazon. III - Subtribe Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837

Abstract

The Ctenuchina moths comprise 874 New World species. Here we provide a list of Ctenuchina species from the Brazilian Amazon. The list was produced from specimens deposited in the most important Brazilian collections and from literature data. Nearly 31% (273) of the New World Ctenuchina species were recorded, including 28 new occurrences for the Brazilian Amazon. Santarém and Belém were the municipalities with the highest number of species records, with 139 and 88, respectively. The high number of Ctenuchina records in the Amazon is underestimated because this subtribe has never been sampled in the vast majority of the biome. This is a worrying scenario because the Amazon has the world highest absolute rate of forest reduction. To suggest efficient conservation policies for the Arctiinae fauna of Amazon, it is urgent to intensify the sampling effort in this biome.

Arctiini Leach, [1815] (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) of the Brazilian Amazon. V - Subtribes Arctiina Leach, [1815], Callimorphina Walker, [1865] and Spilosomina Seitz, 1910

“…Here, we present a list of Arctiina, Callimorphina and Spilosomina moths occurring in the Brazilian Amazon. In this article we conclude the series of inventories of Arctiini for the Brazilian Amazon (Teston & Ferro 2016ab, Teston & Ferro 2019and Teston et al 2019a).…”

“…There are currently 1,023 Arctiini moths referred to the Brazilian Amazon, including 273 species of Ctenuchina (Teston et al 2019a), 219 species of Euchromiina (Teston & Ferro 2019), 62 species of Pericopina (Teston & Ferro 2016a) and 469 species of Phaegopterina (Teston & Ferro 2016b). However, it is still not certain how many species of the Arctiina, Calimorphina and Spilosomina subtribes exist in the Brazilian Amazon region.…”

Arctiini Leach, [1815] (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) of the Brazilian Amazon. IV - Subtribe Euchromiina Butler, 1876

“…Due to the new records obtained in our study (13), there was an increase in richness for the biome, generating a total of 860 tiger moth Amazon species. As observed for the subtribes Phaegopterina (Teston & Ferro 2016a), Pericopina (Teston & Ferro 2016b) and Ctenuchina (Teston et al 2019), the number of Amazonian Euchromiina species is underestimated because the fauna was never sampled in the vast majority of the biome (less than 10% of the municipalities were sampled). Even the sites already sampled need to be studied in the long-term (at least 1 year of sampling) because it is known that tiger moths respond to climate/seasonal changes (Kitching et al 2000, Hilt et al 2007, Scherrer et al 2013, Ferro et al 2014 and that Lepidoptera richness is higher in long-term surveys than in short-term surveys (Ferro & Diniz 2007, Moreno & Ferro 2016, Martins et al 2017.…”

“…Martins et al (2017) also obtained 2.5 times more butterfly species in sites of Amazonian forest than in Cerrado sites in the Maranhão Brazilian State. Teston et al (2019) have reported 847 Arctiinae species in the Brazilian Amazon. Due to the new records obtained in our study (13), there was an increase in richness for the biome, generating a total of 860 tiger moth Amazon species.…”

“…We make the species list mainly from specimens deposited in the most important Brazilian collections and also from literature data. This study is a continuation of Teston & Ferro (2016a, b) and Teston et al (2019) and aims to increase knowledge of the diversity of Arctiinae in the Amazon region.…”