Ichthyofauna of the inner shelf of Paraná, Brazil: checklist, geographic distribution, economic importance and conservation status

Abstract

Comprehensive species checklists are essential to effectively implementing preservation and recovery measures, and should assess conservation status, vulnerability degree and anthropogenic threats. This checklist was compiled from fish species recorded in surveys conducted over the last 30 years in the shallow inner continental shelf in the State of Paraná, Brazil. Information on biogeography, conservation status, economic importance and degree of species' vulnerability are provided. A total of 272 fish species were recorded, spanning 25 orders and 88 families. The most speciose family was Sciaenidae (25 species), followed by Carangidae (23), Engraulidae (10), Carcharhinidae (9), Epinephelidae (9) and Paralichthyidae (9). Most species occurring in Paraná's shallow inner continental shelf are restricted to the West Atlantic. In terms of economic importance, 93% (253) of the species recorded were of fishery, aquaculture or aquaria interest. A notable fraction (39%) of the recorded species was classified as having moderate to very high vulnerability to extinction. In particular, 28 species (10%) were listed as globally endangered, and 34 species (12%) were listed as endangered in the Brazilian territory. Keywords: fish assemblage, species list, Southwest Atlantic, vulnerabilityIctiofauna da plataforma interna do Paraná, Brasil: checklist, distribuição geográfica, importância econômica e estado de conservaçãoResumo: Listas abrangentes de espécies são essenciais para a implementação efetiva de medidas de preservação e devem avaliar o estado de conservação e o grau de vulnerabilidade das comunidades ecológicas. Esta lista foi compilada a partir de espécies de peixes registradas em pesquisas realizadas nos últimos 30 anos na plataforma continental interna rasa do Estado do Paraná. Foram fornecidas informações sobre biogeografia, estado de conservação, importância econômica e grau de vulnerabilidade das espécies. Um total de 272 espécies de peixes foram registradas, abrangendo 25 ordens e 88 famílias. A família com maior número de espécies foi Sciaenidae (25 espécies), seguida de Carangidae (23), Engraulidae (10), Carcharhinidae (9), Epinephelidae (9) e Paralichthyidae (9). A maioria das espécies registrada na plataforma continental interna do Paraná está limitada ao Atlântico Oeste. Em termos de importância econômica, 93% (253) das espécies incluídas nesta lista são comercialmente viáveis, seja na pesca, aquicultura ou aquariofilia. Uma fração notável (39%) das espécies registradas foi classificada como de vulnerabilidade moderada a muito alta. Em particular, 28 espécies (10%) estão listadas como ameaçadas de extinção em escala global, e 34 espécies (12%) estão listadas como ameaçadas de extinção no território brasileiro.Palavras-chave: assembleia de peixes, lista de espécies, Atlântico Sudoeste, vulnerabilidade.

Genetic and morphometric analyzes ofParalichthysspecies confirm the presence ofP. brasiliensisin the Uruguayan waters

“…These authors also suggest that P. brasiliensis is not present in Uruguayan waters and that the distribution range limits from San Luis de Maranhao (Maranhao) to Ilha Grande Bay (Rio de Janeiro), Brazil. However P. brasiliensis has been cited for the State of San Pablo waters [39] and also confirmed its presence for Paranaguá and Parana coastal waters of Brazil [40,41], respectively. In practice, P. orbignyanus and P. patagonicus were the species most difficult to differentiate morphologically onboard, although the most noticeable features to differentiate these species are their scales (cycloid in P. orbignyanus and ctenoid in P. patagonicus) and the beginning of the anal fin [42] as well as other morphological characteristics [4].…”

Environmental Drivers of Fish Assemblages From the Shallow Infralittoral Areas of the Paranaguá Bay, Southern Brazil

“…occurred in all sample sites. There are three species of this genus present in the region: C. arenaceus C. macrops and C. spilopterus (Spier et al 2018). Recent studies have also found Cathorops spixii abundantly (Possatto et al 2017).…”

“…Forty-nine species were on the red list of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN, 2020), in which 43 are classified as of least concern, and four species as data deficient. Hippocampus reidi and Pseudobatos percellens were classified as near threatened; both are considered as species of economic importance in aquarium trade and as a fishery resource, respectively (Spier et al 2018).…”

Plectorhinchus macrolepis (Actinopterygii: Haemulidae) in the western Atlantic Ocean

“…The description, morphometric measurements and meristic counts of the observed specimen confirm that it is P. macrolepis (Carpenter & DeAngelis, ; Froese & Pauly, ; Snoeks & Vreven, ). The specimen has XIII+16 dorsal‐fin rays, III + 7 anal‐fin rays and 1 + 5 pelvic‐fin rays (Table ) and can be distinguished from native species of Haemulidae catalogued in the Paraná State (Spier et al ., ) by its dark brown body colour and rounded caudal fin (Figure c).…”

“…The Paraná State, in southern Brazil, has a short coastline of c . 90 km; nonetheless, its mangrove areas and sandy beaches and islands maintain a community of 272 species of fish (234 Actinopterygii and 38 Elasmobranchii; Spier et al ., ). In addition, non‐native species reported in this region can be added in the current list (Adelir‐Alves et al ., ; Bornatowski et al ., ; Caires et al ., ; Sampaio et al ., ; Soeth et al ., ).…”