Monocrotaline presence in the Crotalaria (Fabaceae) plant genus and its influence on arthropods in agroecosystems

Abstract

Crotalaria (Fabaceae) occurs abundantly in tropical and subtropical regions and has about 600 known species. These plants are widely used in agriculture, mainly as cover plants and green manures, in addition to their use in the management of phytonematodes. A striking feature of these species is the production of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), secondary allelochemicals involved in plant defense against herbivores. In Crotalaria species, monocrotaline is the predominant PA, which has many biological activities reported, including cytotoxicity, tumorigenicity, hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity, with a wide range of ecological interactions. Thus, studies have sought to elucidate the effects of this compound to promote an increase in flora and fauna (mainly insects and nematodes) associated with agroecosystems, favoring the natural biological control. This review summarizes information about the monocrotaline, showing such effects in these environments, both above and below ground, and their potential use in pest management programs.

Methanolic extract of Crotalaria longirostrata: Identification of secondary metabolites and insecticidal effect

“…Se ha identificado que el género Crotalaria muestra contenidos elevados de APs como la monocrotalina, que inhibe las proteasas de los herbívoros generalistas asociados con los cultivos agrícolas. Así mismo, dichos APs hacen que las plantas de Crotalaria sean atrayentes de enemigos naturales de insectos como Chrysoperla externa, Doru luteipes, Nephila clavipes, Orius insidiosus y Trichogramma papilionis (Rech et al, 2022). Hasta el momento no existe evidencia del efecto insecticida de C. longirostrata, sin embargo, en otras especies del género Crotalaria se ha demostrado este efecto insecticida, como con C. retusa para el control de Callosobruchus maculatus con la cual se obtuvo una mortalidad de hasta el 54% y la reducción del 62% de emergencia de adultos (Obembe & Kayode, 2013).…”

Cálculos teóricos como ferramenta complementar para a elucidação estrutural do novo alcaloide pirrolizidínico isolado de crotalaria paulina

“…(RECH et al, 2022; SILVA-LOPEZ; PA-CHECO, 2010).As características morfológicas deste gênero revelam plantas anuais, eretas, de porte herbáceo ou arbustivo, folhas simples ou unifolioladas, lanceoladas a obovadas, e flores predominantemente amarelas, às vezes estriadas em vermelho, vistosas, apresentando cálice maior que a corola. Possuem odor atraente e alta concentração de néctar e pólen, características adequadas para ação de polinizadores(MEAGHER JR. et al, 2019;OLIVEIRA et al, 2018;RECH et al, 2022). A Figura…”