Explore the antiproliferative phytocompounds from ethanolic extracts of Citrus paradisi against liver cancer cell line by chemical analysis using TLC and FT-IR spectroscopy

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extract of leaves and fruits Citrus paradisi plant on HepG-2 liver cell lines by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-terazolium bromide) assay and to isolate and characterize the antiproliferative compounds by TLC (Thin layer chromatography) and FT-IR (Fourier transforms Infrared) spectroscopy. Qualitative phytochemical screening tests were performed to detect phytochemicals compounds from the crude extracts. Antioxidant activity of the plant extracts were characterized by using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method. The results showed that antioxidant activity using DPPH were found to be increased in a concentration dependent manner and decreased cell viability and cell growth inhibition in a dose dependent manner. The findings from this study indicated that fruit extract exhibited good antiproliferation and antioxidant potential. The seven functional groups of phytocompounds such as carboxylic acid, amine salt, aromatic compounds, cyclic alkene, aldehyde, fluoro compounds and alkene were detected by FT-IR which indicated that fruit extracts of Citrus paradisi possessed vast potential as a medicinal drug especially in liver cancer treatment.

Identification and Pharmacological Activities of Secondary Metabolites of Phytochemicals

“…When it produces an emulsion is hydrolyzable tannins. foam [79,105], or honeycomb froth [108,[111][112] showed the presence of saponins glycosides. This method determines the total phenolic compound in plant crude extract where the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (2.5 g Na2MoO4.2H2O, 10 g Na2WO4.2H2O in 70 mL distilled H2O, then 5 mL 85% H3PO4 and 10 mL HCl), a mixture of phosphomolybdate and phosphotungstate reagents (H3PMo12O40 and H3PW12O40) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3), in the presence of phenolics and carried out in alkaline medium Na2CO3 to produce a blue color molybdenum tungsten (Mo8O23 and W8O23) that can be measured in the range of 720-765 nm in visible spectrophotometer against the standard gallic acid.…”

“…Lead acetate test: Diluted plant extract and lead acetate to give black-green colored precipitate formed revealed the presence of tannins[104]. The yellow precipitate indicates flavonoid[105,111,112]. 4.2.2.4.…”

Cytotoxicity of extracts and compounds isolated from Croton echioides in animal tumor cell (HTC)

“…This search occurs, mainly, due to the many side effects of the medical treatments used, such as chemo and radiotherapies (Reis et al, 2008). An example is hepatocellular carcinoma, an epithelial neoplasm derived from hepatocytes, the most frequent in the liver, characterized by the formation of a concentrated mass tumor, or nodules distributed in the liver (Hasan et al, 2018), it's considered a highly aggressive malignancy disease (Yang et al, 2017;Sharif et al, 2022). Chronic liver diseases have a high rate of morbidity and mortality, which is why the need to identify more effective therapeutic forms, given that current therapies still cause many adverse effects (Novello et al, 2016;Oh et al, 2016).…”