This research was carried out to determine avian diversity in the rural areas of Tehsile Sahiwal from September to November 2023. A total of 783 birds were observed; these birds belonged to 29 different species from 10 orders, and 26 families were found at the study site. The observed avian species that belong to the Corvidae family had the greatest number of species, while Ciconiidae had the lowest number of species. The highest numbers of the order Passeriformes were recorded, followed by Ciconiiformes which had the lowest numbers. Among the bird species observed, 634 were residents, 16 were winter visitors, and 133 were summer breeders. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) Red List, 753 birds were least concerned, 18 were vulnerable, and 12 were near threatened. The species diversity, richness, and evenness indices were 3.062913, 4.202228, and 0.909606, respectively. According to the index results, the rural area of the Sahiwal tehsil is a diverse area, but some of the threats observed during the study are at very low levels, such as habitat destruction and unawareness, which may disrupt species diversity and evennes in the future if they are not controlled in a timely manner.