Fighting COVID-19

Campos, Daniel Melo de Oliveira; Oliveira, Cláudio Bruno Silva de; Andrade, Joelma Maria de Araújo

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.238155

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The coronavirus enters the host cell via binding of S glycoprotein on the viral surface to angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the cell surface, which is triggered by transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2). The S2 subunit of S glycoprotein is responsible for mediating virus fusion and entry into the host cell, where heptad repeat 1 (HR1) and 2 (HR2) bring viral and cellular membranes in proximity for fusion 6,9 . The binding affinity of the S protein‐ACE2 complex of SARS‐CoV‐2 is approximately 10‐20 times higher than that of SARS‐CoV.…”

Section: Spike Protein Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This genome encodes four main structural proteins: spike (S), membrane (M), envelope (E), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. The S protein is the receptor‐binding site on the viral surface; the M protein shapes the virions, promotes membrane curvature, and is responsible for the transport of nutrients across cell membranes; the E protein plays a role in the assembly and release of the virus, and is involved in viral pathogenesis; and the N protein can bind to the viral RNA genome and maintain its stability 6,7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current pharmacological strategies against COVID‐19 are based on improve the immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 and prevent its severe complications 6 . To date, there are no clinically approved antibodies or drugs specific for SARS‐CoV‐2, making the control of the associated pandemic difficult; therefore, health services are limited to monitoring and containment of the virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection: Targets and antiviral pharmacological strategies

Campos

Fulco

Oliveira³

et al. 2020

J Evidence Based Medicine

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The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), transmitted person‐to‐person by severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), poses a threat to global public health. To present, these are still no clinically approved antibodies or drugs specific for SARS‐CoV‐2, which makes it difficult for controlling the associated pandemic, limited to monitoring and containment. This situation generates a new need for the development of safe and effective treatments. Since SARS‐CoV‐2 shares phylogenetic traits with SARS‐CoV and MERS‐CoV, antiviral medicines may provide some insight into the development of COVID‐19 therapeutics. Besides that, they are being prioritized several FDA‐approved drugs due to the pandemic state. Despite recent advances in the control of the current COVID‐19 pandemic, challenges such as the rapid virus spread and the socioeconomic cost of this outbreak remain for the inexistence of therapeutics agents against SARS‐CoV‐2. From this moment, the in vivo evaluation of FDA‐approved drugs, which until then appears to be effective are recommended, such as chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, favipiravir, nitazoxanide, and ivermectin; besides new targets: Mpro, spike glycoprotein, and TMPRSS2 inhibitors. Therefore, these investigations are needed to prove the efficacy and safety of these potential candidates, including their side effects.

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Section: Spike Protein Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection: Targets and antiviral pharmacological strategies

Campos

Fulco

Oliveira³

et al. 2020

J Evidence Based Medicine

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“…Portanto, estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos robustos precisam ser conduzidos em pacientes infectados para provar a eficácia e segurança dos candidatos atuais para descobrir novos medicamentos e vacinas adequadas para o tratamento. Neste momento de emergência, a pesquisa de novas terapias é urgente devido à necessidade de salvar vidas (CAMPOS et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Animais utilizados em pesquisas de SARS-COV-2 / Animals used in SARS-VOC-2 Research

Sampaio¹,

Maciel²,

Silva³

et al. 2021

Braz. J. Hea. Rev.

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RESUMOO novo coronavírus, SARS-COV-2, foi declarado como uma pandemia pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), devido a rápida transmissão entre humanos e a disseminação intercontinental. Por causar graves problemas de saúde humana, com altos números de taxas de mortalidade e enormes encargos econômicos que exigem uma demanda urgente de um desenvolvimento seguro e eficaz de vacinas. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o atual cenária das pesquisas de Sars-Cov-2 frente aos ensaios laboratoriais utilizando modelos de animais na busca promissora de vacinas e agentes terapêuticos eficazes. Foi realizado uma pesquisa de revisão de literatura no banco de dados do Public Medline, na Biblioteca Virtual de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (BVS Vet), BioRxiv, PUBMED, Elsevier e na Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência em Animais de Laboratório (RESBCAL). Cada artigo teve suas informações compiladas em uma planilha, incluindo ano, autores, bases de dados e revista no qual foi publicado. Até o momento, há muito a se conhecer sobre o vírus, suas interações e potencial de transmissão, bem como a patogênese da doença, o desenvolvimento das candidatas às vacinas, terapias, diagnósticos mais precisos e ferramentas de controle da doença. Um dos principais desafios encontrados atualmente na pesquisa em COVID-19 é a disponibilização de modelos animais que mimetize a fisiopatogênese da doença humana. Lacunas sobre a cascata de eventos imunológicos e a resposta imune do organismo humano frente à infecção pela exposição a diferentes cargas virais e modelos que respondam essa questão são o ponto mais urgente para haja o desenvolvimento de vacinas. É consolidado a importância da investigação em animais e dos estudos préclínicos para solucionar esta e próximas pandemias que possam vir a ocorrer na história da saúde pública mundial, pesquisas necessárias para o embasamento e o delineamento de medidas de prevenção e controle da doença.

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“…It was observed that the extent of exposure was very dreadful, showing that much more infection is almost inevitably. [29][30][31] The question is: do people in the rural areas accept that COVID-19 is severe and actually killing individuals? Since November the pandemic started in Wuhan, it has killed well over 570,000 individuals around the world.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing the challenges that affect COVID-19 prevention in the rural areas of Abia State, Nigeria

Enwereji

Ezeama

2020

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: Using directives have been the standard approach of changing public behavior. But studies have shown that directives fail because people hate being told what to do. Telling individuals to use limited resources and other social amenities in rural areas to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection may lead to skepticism in practice of public health recommendations on COVID-19 prevention. Even non-availability of basic hand washing facilities (soap and clean water) which form fundamental mechanism to prevent COVID-19 can expose people to infection. Study assesses factors and conditions that influence the practice of Center for disease control (CDC) preventive measures against COVID-19 in rural areas.Methods: This is a qualitative study that utilized information from 36 health care professionals under the aegis of committee for COVID-19 prevention. These committee members are working together in partnership with state government to provide services to control, prevent and cushion effects of COVID-19 pandemic.Results: Findings from 36 health care professionals made up of 10 (27.8%) females and 26 (72.2%) males showed that factors such as denial of existence of the virus, labeling virus as only urban limited, poor knowledge of mode of transmission, terming virus as ploy politicians use to siphon resources meant for rural development contributed to non-observation of CDC guidelines for COVID-19 prevention.Conclusions: Denying existence of COVID-19 and not observing CDC guidelines will increase community transmission thereby, expose people in communities to infection. Therefore, education is needed to enlighten people in communities on benefits of observing CDC guidelines.

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Fighting COVID-19

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection: Targets and antiviral pharmacological strategies

SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection: Targets and antiviral pharmacological strategies

Animais utilizados em pesquisas de SARS-COV-2 / Animals used in SARS-VOC-2 Research

Addressing the challenges that affect COVID-19 prevention in the rural areas of Abia State, Nigeria

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