Moringa water extract promising additive to prolong the activity of baculovirus under field-sunlight conditions in Egypt

Abstract

Baculoviruses are considered as effective bio pesticides except of being not active under sunlight conditions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the capability of moringa extract to prolong virus activity under Egyptian field conditions especially that Moringa proved to be strong protective material under previous investigation under laboratory conditions the addition of moringa filters were tested on tomato plant foliage. Results are based on leaf bioassay using Spodoptera littoralis test insect and its nuclepolyhedrovirus (SpliNPV) as standard materials. The Original Activity Remaining (OAR) and Lethal Infectivity Time to 50% (LIT50) were estimated after exposure to natural sunlight. cacao and green tea were tested as comparative materials, which proved to be effective as virus protective agent in earlier investigations. The results showed that moringa additive at 10% sustained 50% of virus activity for 193.53 hours and 62.05 and 23.023 hours post application for cacao and green tea; respectively. While virus alone treatment lasts for only 17.551 hours. Moringa generally available, relatively cheap; it also has been tested and proved to be non-toxic, safe, and friendly to the environment. The obtained results showed the activity of moringa water extract in prolonging the virus activity under field application.

Species composition and population dynamics of some arthropod pests in cotton fields of irrigated and semi-arid regions of Punjab, Pakistan

“…Such damage was also reported by Saleem et al, 2016 , Ahmad et al, 2018 . It was also observed as a polyphagous and cosmopolitan pest which was commonly reported from South Asia, Europe and Africa ( El-Helaly et al, 2013 ). The bollworm infestation showed negative significant correlation with minimum temperature ( Akhtar and Farooq, 2019 ).…”

Effects of several UV-protective substances on the persistence of the insecticidal activity of the Alphabaculovirus of Chrysodeixis chalcites (ChchNPV-TF1) on banana (Musa acuminata, Musaceae, Colla) under laboratory and open-field conditions

“…On the other hand, the protection offered by cacao was less effective, especially in the 2018 trial. Cacao has been studied as a UV protector for Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus ( Spli MNPV) [ 25 ] and for Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus ( Se MNPV) [ 22 ]. The essential substance of cacao is theobromine, formerly known as xantheose, which is a bitter alkaloid of the cacao plant [ 47 ] that remains and colours the leaves when applied.…”

“…However, these substances were the so called optical brighteners, most of them from synthetic origin, expensive or difficult to apply in field. Consequently, the latest studies on photoprotectant substances evaluate natural derived antioxidants, mainly plant derived extracts [21][22][23][24][25].…”

“…In this study, several substances that were previously found to have photoprotective capacity, such as green tea, moringa, cacao, kaoline, iron oxide, charcoal, bentonite, benzopurpurine and benzimidazole [21,22,25,[30][31][32][33], were tested for the first time to determine their photoprotective activity to ChchNPV-TF1, and the joint effect virus-UV protectant on Chrysodeixis chalcites survival and plant photosynthetic activity. In our first assay, natural photoprotective substances were evaluated under laboratory conditions, and then two of the substances yielding the best results were tested in the field.…”

Increasing the efficacy of the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrosis virus using certain essential oils

“…Shapiro et al (2009b) tested 13 plant phenolics for protecting Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV). Moreover, 20 naturally derived antioxidants were suggested for SpliMNPV protection (El-Helaly et al 2013). Evidently, sub-lethal concentrations of insecticides could increase the efficacy of NPV pathogenicity and act as adjuvants for virus infectivity, for instance Neem (Shapiro et al 1994), thiamethoxame and imidacloprid (Trang and Chaudhari 2002), and Spinosad (Jackson et al 2014).…”