Rootstock mediates transcriptional regulation of citrulline metabolism in grafted watermelon

Ali, Aslam; ShengJie, Zhao; Lu, Xingrong; Nan, Haiyang; Liu, Wenge

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.223633

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In studies done with 14 and 56 watermelon cultivars, no correlation was found with watermelon type (e.g., open-pollinated and hybrid cultivars) and citrulline content (Rimando and Perkins-Veazie, 2005;Kyriacou et al, 2018). Results have been inconclusive regarding citrulline content and watermelon grafting as some rootstockscion combinations have been shown to increase citrulline content (Davis et al, 2008) or have no effect with grafting (Aslam et al, 2020). In our study, citrulline did not change substantially either with grafting or hollow heart ( Table 2).…”

Section: Sugar and Phytonutrient Composition In Grafted Watermelon Wicontrasting

confidence: 72%

Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition of Grafted ‘Liberty’ Watermelon With Reduced Incidence of Hollow Heart Defect

et al. 2021

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Grafting watermelon scions to interspecific squash hybrids has been found to increase fruit firmness. Triploid (seedless) watermelon are prone to hollow heart (HH), an internal fruit disorder characterized by a crack in the placental tissue expanding to a cavity. Although watermelon with lower tissue firmness tend to have a higher HH incidence, associated differences in cell wall polysaccharide composition are unknown. Grafting “Liberty” watermelon to “Carnivor” (interspecific hybrid rootstock, C. moschata × C. maxima) reduced HH 39% and increased tissue firmness by 3 N. Fruit with and without severe HH from both grafted and non-grafted plants were analyzed to determine differences in cell wall polysaccharides associated with grafting and HH. Alcohol insoluble residues (AIR) were sequentially extracted from placental tissue to yield water soluble (WSF), carbonate soluble (CSF), alkali soluble (ASF), or unextractable (UNX) pectic fractions. The CSF was lower in fruit with HH (24.5%) compared to those without HH (27.1%). AIRs were also reduced, hydrolyzed, and acetylated for GC-MS analysis of monosaccharide composition, and a portion of each AIR was methylated prior to hydrolysis and acetylation to produce partially methylated alditol acetates for polysaccharide linkage assembly. No differences in degree of methylation or galacturonic and glucuronic acid concentrations were found. Glucose and galactose were in highest abundance at 75.9 and 82.4 μg⋅mg–1 AIR, respectively, followed by xylose and arabinose (29.3 and 22.0 μg⋅mg–1). Mannose was higher in fruit with HH (p < 0.05) and xylose was highest in fruit from grafted plants (p < 0.05). Mannose is primarily found in heteromannan and rhamnogalacturonan I side chains, while xylose is found in xylogalacturonan or heteroxylan. In watermelon, 34 carbohydrate linkages were identified with galactose, glucose, and arabinose linkages in highest abundance. This represents the most comprehensive polysaccharide linkage analysis to date for watermelon, including the identification of several new linkages. However, total pectin and cell wall composition data could not explain the increased tissue firmness observed in fruit from grafted plants. Nonetheless, grafting onto the interspecific hybrid rootstock decreased the incidence of HH and can be a useful method for growers using HH susceptible cultivars.

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Section: Sugar and Phytonutrient Composition In Grafted Watermelon Wicontrasting

confidence: 72%

Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition of Grafted ‘Liberty’ Watermelon With Reduced Incidence of Hollow Heart Defect

et al. 2021

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“…It also found that grafting also affected rootstock rhizosphere microbiome assembly, the scion genotype highly influences the rootstock microbiome in Rosa sp [25]. These results were also found in other tropical crops, such as rubber tree [26] and watermelon [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Selection of rootstock and scion is the top priority in fruit tree grafting because differential responses between rootstock and scion [4]. This is because rootstock mediates transcriptional regulation and accumulation of secondary metabolites [5,6]. Furthermore, grafting also affect endogenous hormones contents [7] and oxidative defense reaction [8], even enhance resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Substrate Composition on the Growth Traits of Grafting Seedling in Macadamia Nuts

Tan,

Zhou,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Macadamia nut plantings in China are expanding year by year. In order to further promote the superior varieties, this study analyzed the effects of different varieties of rootstock and scion on the survival rate as well as the effects of 18 different ratios of substrate composition on seedling growth were analyzed. The results showed that: The survival rate of HAES788 varieties as rootstock and Guire No.1 as scion was the highest, reaching 96%. The optimal grafting time in December was better than that in March. Substrate formulations 12, 13, 15 and 16 had agglomerated soil and well-developed root systems compared to the controls. Plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, and dry weight of aboveground and underground parts were significantly higher than those of the control. In addition, the substrate formulations 12, 13, 15 and 16 significantly improved the organic matter, total nitrogen, and total potassium content of the substrate soils, but little on total phosphorus content. All in all, macadamia grafting times are best in December, with HAES788 and Guire No.1 being the best rootstock and scion. Substrate formulations 12, 13, 15 and 16 are the optimal formula. This study provides a solid foundation to produce high-quality macadamia seedlings.

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“…In contrast, grafting in grapes increased the amino acid contents of valine, glutamine, arginine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, and leucine [ 41 ]. Cucurbita rootstocks in watermelon induced transcriptional reprogramming of citrulline genes, thus influencing watermelon’s citrulline contents [ 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Throughput LC-ESI-MS/MS Metabolomics Approach Reveals Regulation of Metabolites Related to Diverse Functions in Mature Fruit of Grafted Watermelon

Ali

Zhao

et al. 2021

Biomolecules

Self Cite

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Grafting has been reported as a factor regulating the metabolome of a plant. Therefore, a comprehensive metabolic profile and comparative analysis of metabolites were conducted from fully mature fruit of pumpkin-grafted watermelon (PGW) and a self-rooted watermelon (SRW). Widely targeted LC-ESI-MS/MS metabolomics approach facilitated the simultaneous identification and quantification of 339 metabolites across PGW and SRW. Regardless of grafting, delta-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, sucrose, mannose-6-phosphate (carbohydrates), homocystine, 2-phenylglycine, s-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (amino acids and derivatives), malic, azelaic, H-butanoic acid ethyl ester-hexoside isomer 1, (organic acids), MAG (18:3) isomer1, LysoPC 16:0, LysoPC 18:2 2n isomer (lipids) p-coumaric acid, piperidine, and salicylic acid-o-glycoside (secondary metabolites) were among the dominant metabolite. Dulcitol, mono-, and disaccharide sugars were higher in PGW, while polysaccharides showed complex behavior. In PGW, most aromatic and nitrogen-rich amino acids accumulated greater than 1.5- and 1-fold, respectively. Intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), stress-related metabolites, vitamin B5, and several flavonoids were significantly more abundant in PGW. Most lipids were also significantly higher in grafted watermelon. This is the first report providing a comprehensive picture of watermelon metabolic profile and changes induced by grafting. Hence, the untargeted high-throughput LC-ESI-MS/MS metabolomics approach could be suitable to provide significant differences in metabolite contents between grafted and ungrafted plants.

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Rootstock mediates transcriptional regulation of citrulline metabolism in grafted watermelon

Cited by 3 publications

References 50 publications

Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition of Grafted ‘Liberty’ Watermelon With Reduced Incidence of Hollow Heart Defect

Cell Wall Polysaccharide Composition of Grafted ‘Liberty’ Watermelon With Reduced Incidence of Hollow Heart Defect

Effects of Substrate Composition on the Growth Traits of Grafting Seedling in Macadamia Nuts

High-Throughput LC-ESI-MS/MS Metabolomics Approach Reveals Regulation of Metabolites Related to Diverse Functions in Mature Fruit of Grafted Watermelon

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