Exogenous niacin treatment increases NADPH oxidase in kiwifruit

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of Candida species between a non-hospitalized and a hospitalized population. For this purpose, samples of saliva were sampled through sterile swabs, moistened in peptone water and rubbed in the oral cavity of 140 individuals, from which, 70 were hospitalized patients from the Medical Clinic of a Teaching Hospital and the other 70 were non-hospitalized subjects. All saliva samples were plated in Sabouraud Dextrose agar added with Chloramphenicol and incubated at 36 °C for 48 hours. The morphology identification was performed through macroscopic and microscopic characterization, the CHROMagar Candida medium and the VITEK  system Yeast Biochemical Card (bio Mérieux SA, France). The results showed a colonization of Candida spp. in 85.7% the hospitalized individuals, where the species found were C. albicans (60%), C. tropicalis (23.4%), C. krusei (3.3%) and Candida spp. (13.3%). In the non-hospitalized individuals the colonization by Candida spp was 47.1%, and the species found were: C. albicans (45.5%), C.krusei (9.1%), C. guilliermondii (9.1% %), C. tropicalis (3.0%), C. famata (3.0%) and Candida spp. (30.3%). In spite of their presence in oral cavity in both groups, Candida spp. was more frequently isolated in hospitalized individuals, who were 6.73 times more likely to have this fungus in the oral cavity and were 3.88 times more likely to have Candida albicans. Nos indivíduos não-hospitalizados a colonização por Candida spp foi de 47,1%, e as espécies encontradas foram: C. albicans (45,5%), C. krusei (9,1%), C. guilliermondii (9,1%), C. tropicalis (3,0%), C. famata (3,0%) e Candida spp. (30,3%). Apesar de sua presença na cavidade oral em ambos os grupos, Candida spp. foi mais freqüentemente isolada em indivíduos hospitalizados, que foram 6,73 vezes mais propensos a ter este fungo na cavidade oral e foram 3,88 vezes mais propensos a ter Candida albicans. KeywordsPalavras-chave: Candida spp. oral, colonização, pacientes hosptalizados, infecções hospitalares.

Transcriptome Analysis of ‘Haegeum’ Gold Kiwifruit Following Ethylene Treatment to Improve Postharvest Ripening Quality

“…Our results also showed upregulation of the WRKY transcription factor gene indicating that kiwifruit responds toward the stress caused by the exogenous application of ethylene. Zhu et al [87] reported that exogenous niacin treatment during the growth of kiwifruit increases NADPH oxidase to increase tolerance to short-term stress conditions. In the present study, the upregulation of the gene that encodes NADPH oxidase after exogenous application of ethylene could be the response to the stress caused by ethylene treatment.…”

Impact of Isonicotinic Acid Blending in Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol on Ripening-Dependent Changes of Green Stage Tomato

“…Interestingly, the antiradical potential of niacin-related compounds including INA was reported [ 12 ]. Moreover, exogenous niacin treatment increased stress tolerance in kiwifruit via various mechanisms including the activation of NADPH oxidases [ 63 ]. It was also reported that PiA spray stimulated antioxidative enzymes and reduced MDA production [ 64 ].…”

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Qi-Invigorating Effects in Traditional Medicine: Network Pharmacology-Based Study on the Unique Functions of Qi-Invigorating Herb Group

“…Thus, they increase tolerance to hard conditions and diseases (Proline, Arginine, Aspartic acid), stimulate chlorophyll synthesis (Arginine, Alanine, Glycine), and influence growth velocity (Alanine, Valine) [ 52 ]. Further, nicotinic acid has been shown to enhance NADPH levels, which are important for plant antioxidant defense as well as growth [ 53 ]. Choline is an essential molecule in plants because it is required for the synthesis of the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylcholine; consequently, all plant and animal cells need choline to maintain structural integrity [ 54 ].…”