Using skin temperature and muscle thickness to assess muscle response to strength training

Neves, Eduardo Borba; Moreira, Tiago Rafael; Lemos, Rui; Vilaça-Alves, José; Rosa, Claudio; Reis, Víctor Machado

doi:10.1590/1517-869220152105151293

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…showed a strong acute and 15 minutes lasting decrease of T after biceps curls and half squat exercises whereas Formenti et al (2016) and Neves et al (2014) showed an acute T drop after resistance exercise followed by a rise of T over basal values. Further studies showed increased T values after biceps curl (Bartuzi, Roman-Liu, & Wisniewski, 2012;Neves et al, 2015; and standing calf raise (Formenti et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Acute Exercise-Associated Skin Surface Temperature Changes after Resistance Training with Different Exercise Intensities

Weigert

Nitzsche

Kunert

et al. 2018

IJKSS

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Background: Studies showed, that changes in muscular metabolic-associated heat production and blood circulation during and after muscular work affect skin temperature (T) but the results are inconsistent and the effect of exercise intensity is unclear. Objective: This study investigated the intensity-dependent reaction of T on resistance training. Methods: Ten male students participated. After acclimatization (15 min), the participants completed 3x10 repetitions of unilateral biceps curl with 30, 50 or 70% of their one-repetition-maximum (1RM) in a randomized order. Skin temperature of the loaded and unloaded biceps was measured at rest (Trest), immediately following set 1, 2 and 3 (TS1,TS2,TS3) and 30 minutes post exercise (T1 - T30) with an infrared camera. Results: Two-way ANOVA detected a significant effect of the measuring time point on T (Trest to T30) of the loaded arm for 30% (Eta²=0.85), 50% (Eta²=0.88) and 70% 1RM (Eta²=0.85) and of the unloaded arm only for 30% 1RM (Eta²=0.41) (p<0.05) but time effects were independent of the exercise intensity (p>0.05). The T values at the different measuring time points (Trest - T30) did not differ between the intensities at any time point. The loaded arm showed a mean maximum T rise to Trest of 1.8°C and on average, maximum T was reached approximately 5 minutes after the third set. Conclusion: This study indicate a rise of T, which could be independent of the exercise intensity. Infrared thermography seems to be applicable to identify the primary used functional muscles in resistance training but this method seems not suitable to differentiate between exercise intensity from 30 to 70% 1RM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Acute Exercise-Associated Skin Surface Temperature Changes after Resistance Training with Different Exercise Intensities

Weigert

Nitzsche

Kunert

et al. 2018

IJKSS

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“…Ultrasonographic images from the midpoint of biceps brachii (Neves et al, 2015b) were recorded using an Aloka SSD 500V real time scanner equipped with a linear probe of 7.5 MHz, in order to evaluate the biceps brachii skinfold thickness .…”

Section: Instrumentation and Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, researchers have investigated the thermal response during and after exercise (Chudecka and Lubkowska, 2012;Merla et al, 2010). However, this response depends on some variables such as: fitness level (Formenti et al, 2013), muscle mass in the region of interest (Neves et al, 2015a), subcutaneous fat (Bandeira et al, 2012), type and intensity of exercise (Neves et al, 2015b;2015c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of subcutaneous fat in the skin temperature variation rate during exercise

et al. 2015

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Introduction: Thermography records the skin temperature, which can be influenced by: muscle mass and subcutaneous fat layer. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of subcutaneous fat layer in the skin temperature variation rate, during exercise. Methods: This is a short-longitudinal study that involved 17 healthy male trained volunteers. Volunteers were divided in two groups. The first called GP1 with nine volunteers (biceps brachii skinfold thickness < 4 mm) and the second called GP2 with eight volunteers (biceps brachii skinfold thickness from 4 to 8 mm). Both groups performed three sets with 16 repetitions of unilateral biceps brachii bi-set exercise with dominant arm (eight repetitions of biceps curls and another eight of biceps hammer curls, with dumbbells), and with load of 70% of 1RM. The rest time between sets was 90s. Results:The skin temperature variation rate (variation of temperature / time) was 3.59 × 10-3 ± 1.47 × 10-3 °C/s for GP1 and 0.66 × 10-3 ± 4.83 × 10-3 °C/s for GP2 (p = 0.138) considering all moments. For the period after set 1 until the end of set 3, skin temperature variation rate was 5.11 × 10-3 ± 2.57 × 10-3 °C/s for GP1 and 1.88 × 10-3 ± 3.60 × 10-3 °C/s for GP2 (p = 0.048). Subcutaneous fat layer also influences the skin temperature at resting (p = 0.044). Conclusion: Subjects with lower subcutaneous fat layer have a higher skin temperature variation rate during exercise than those with higher subcutaneous fat layer.

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“…As for environment temperature, CS participants remained fully dressed out of the water and were protected against any potential body heat loss, which does not allow for major comparisons to be made. Heat loss in water occurs through the process of conduction, regulated and controlled by cutaneous vasomotor activity of the vascular network (43). The sympathetic nervous activity increases and promotes vasoconstriction resulting in BP increase (44), which may explain in part BP responses at least during the early recovery period after water exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute blood pressure response in hypertensive elderly women immediately after water aerobics exercise: A crossover study

Cunha¹,

Vilaça-Alves

Noleto

et al. 2017

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension

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Water aerobics exercise is widely recommended for elderly people. However, little is known about the acute effects on hemodynamic variables. Thus, we assessed the effects of a water aerobic session on blood pressure in hypertensive elderly women. Fifty hypertensive elderly women aged 67.8 ± 4.1 years, 1.5 ± 0.6 m high and BMI 28.6 ± 3.9 kg/m, participated in a crossover clinical trial. The experiment consisted of a 45-minute water aerobics session (70%-75% HRmax adjusted for the aquatic environment) (ES) and a control session (no exercise for 45 minutes) (CS). Heart rate was monitored using a heart rate monitor and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) measurements were taken using a semi-automatic monitor before and immediately after the sessions, and at 10, 20 and 30 minutes thereafter. It was using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) with Bonferroni's post-hoc test (p < 0.05). At the end of the experimental session, ES showed a rise in SBP of 17.4 mmHg (14.3%, p < 0.001) and DBP of 5.4 mmHg (7.8%, p < 0.001) compared to CS. At 10 minutes after exercise, BP declined in ES by a greater magnitude than in CS (SBP 7.5 mmHg, 6.2%, p = 0.005 and DBP 3.8 mmHg, 5.5%, p = 0.013). At 20 minutes after exercise and thereafter, SBP and DBP were similar in both ES and CS. In conclusion, BP returned to control levels within 10-20 minutes remaining unchanged until 30 minutes after exercise, and post-exercise hypotension was not observed. Besides, BP changed after exercise was a safe rise of small magnitude for hypertensive people.

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Using skin temperature and muscle thickness to assess muscle response to strength training

Cited by 30 publications

References 15 publications

Acute Exercise-Associated Skin Surface Temperature Changes after Resistance Training with Different Exercise Intensities

Acute Exercise-Associated Skin Surface Temperature Changes after Resistance Training with Different Exercise Intensities

The influence of subcutaneous fat in the skin temperature variation rate during exercise

Acute blood pressure response in hypertensive elderly women immediately after water aerobics exercise: A crossover study

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