The remarkable Juliano Moreira (1872-1933): an Afro-Brazilian psychiatrist, scientist, and humanist in an environment of slavery and racism

Nardi, Antônio Egídio; Carta, Mauro Giovanni; Shorter, Edward

doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1097

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Ademais, a proposta de Moreira era investir em uma assistência psiquiátrica que investigava a dimensão físico-orgânica das doenças mentais, suas causas e evolução, ao mesmo tempo que os estados anormais não deveriam ser atribuídos à irredutibilidade de fatores como raça e hereditariedade. Naquele momento, o tom de modernidade estava vinculado, pelo menos nas narrativas, à humanização dos espaços físicos, pela retirada de grades e contenções nos leitos e, também, pela inserção de terapêuticas em substituição à ausência de cuidados aos doentes mentais (Nardi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Psiquiatria Nas Obras De Elso Arruda: Psiquiatria Científica...unclassified

Adoecimento Mental, Antipsiquiatria e Antidiagnóstico: Notas a Partir de Elso Arruda

Mota

Miranda

2022

revispsi

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A conformação da Psicologia Clínica ocorreu por meio de tensionamentos produzidos por diferentes profissionais, envolvidos nas práxis da clínica psi, no país. Parte desses embates ressaltam a utilização de métodos e técnicas psicológicas, para solução de problemas de ajustamento, no campo Psi - Psiquiatria, Psicologia e Psicanálise. Esta pesquisa objetiva identificar e caracterizar tensionamentos no campo psi referentes à Psicologia Clínica a partir de publicações de um de seus personagens, Elso Arruda. Metodologicamente, essa é uma investigação sociobibliométrica, que se insere na interseção entre a História Social da Psicologia, a História da Psiquiatria e a História da Psicanálise. Para a análise do conteúdo das fontes primárias utilizamos o software Iramuteq. Os resultados sugerem que circularam, entre os saberes psi, discursos pró-reforma psiquiátrica, na década de 1960. As fontes indicam ainda uma mudança da noção de diagnóstico na clínica psi, norteada por uma proposta antipsiquiátrica e antidiagnóstica, bem como o uso da psicologia, da psicanálise e da fenomenologia existencial para compreender o indivíduo.

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Section: Psiquiatria Nas Obras De Elso Arruda: Psiquiatria Científica...unclassified

Adoecimento Mental, Antipsiquiatria e Antidiagnóstico: Notas a Partir de Elso Arruda

Mota

Miranda

2022

revispsi

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“…At the age of 24, not only was Moreira approved for the position, but he secured first place, receiving the maximum score from the judges. In 1903, he took charge of the National Hospice for the Insane (NHI) in Rio de Janeiro, which he directed until 1930 2,6 .…”

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“…From 1903 until 1930, Moreira was the director of the NHI, considered as the place where the practice of neurology began in Brazil 2,6,8 . During this period, the NHI underwent a series of renovations with the creation of new pavilions.…”

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Juliano Moreira: the black Brazilian who greatly influenced the modern school of Neurology in Brazil

Rosso

Brandi

Vieira

et al. 2021

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Juliano Moreira was a black Brazilian physician, well recognized for his role in the foundation of scientific psychiatry in Brazil; however, little is known about his influences on modern Neurology. Our aim is to highlight Moreira’s importance in the field of Neurology and his role in the development of scientific and medical societies in Brazil. We describe his contributions from his doctoral thesis in 1891 to his 27-year tenure as the director of the National Hospice for the Insane. We also review Moreira’s role in the foundation of societies including the Brazilian Academy of Sciences and the first Brazilian journal dedicated to Neuropsychiatry, concluding that Moreira was one of the most important influential figures for the development of Neurology in Brazil. In addition to his influences on various medical fields, Moreira distinguished himself as an impactful citizen who fought against racist and xenophobic medical theories of his time.

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A tribute to Juliano Moreira on his birth sesquicentennial

Gomes

Mathias

Moraes

et al. 2022

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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A hundred-fifty years ago, Brazil was still a slave country, and at that time the great Juliano Moreira was born, son of a black mother, a descendant of slaves, linked to the house of the Barão de Itapuã, which provided the necessary support for Moreira to attend the Faculty of Medicine of Bahia. Moreira is from Salvador, where he was born on January 6, 1872, and died in Petrópolis, on May 2, 1933. He was a son of Galdina Joaquina do Amaral, but only after the death of his mother, when Moreira was 13 years old, was he profiled by Manoel do Carmo Moreira Júnior, Portuguese, public lighting inspector. Despite these mishaps, he managed to enter the medical course in 1886 and graduated in 1891, at the age of 19, with the thesis Early Malignant Syphilis 1,2 .Moreira suffered from tuberculosis for many years and when he was admitted to a sanatorium in Cairo, he met Augusta Peick, a German nurse from Hamburg, whom he married in the early 1910s 1,2 .Nardi et al. 1 trace the journey of this exceptional Brazilian from the beginning of his life, the dawn of his career until he arrived in Rio de Janeiro when he soon became director of the Hospício Nacional dos Alienados -HNA (National Hospice for the Insane) before the proclamation of the Republic called Hospício Pedro II and there, from 1903 until 1930, he left his definitive legacy for the history of Psychiatry and of Brazilian Neurology. Already in life, Moreira was recognized nationally and internationally, having taken a turn in the paths of Psychiatry, deviating from the French alienist current traditionally adopted in Brazil, by the German psychiatric current led by Emil Kraepelin. Moreira acted to boost national scientific production and promote means of exchange with renowned foreign scientific centers with the help for instance of Afrânio Peixoto by the creation in 1905 of the periodical Archivos Brasileiros de Psychiatria, Neurologia e Sciencias Affins/ Brazilian Archives of Psychiatry, Neurology and Allied Sciences, which also became an arena for theoretical disputes between supporters of German psychiatry and French alienism. Three years later it was renamed Archivos Brasileiros de Psychiatria, Neurologia e Medicina Legal/Brazilian Archives of Psychiatry, Neurology and Legal Medicine, and it became a vehicle for publicizing the activities of the Society of Psychiatry, Neurology and Legal Medicine, founded in 1907, with the contribution of Moreira and dozens of other collaborators 3 . Besides, the Archivos Brasileiros de Medicina/Brazilian Archives of Medicine, created under the direction of Moreira and Antonio Austregesilo, in 1911, was another publishing medical journal in the Psychiatric and also in other medical areas 4 .As director of NHA (1903NHA ( -1930, he revolutionized the treatment of the mentally ill, making it more humanized and discrediting the racist bias of theories of mental illness linked to ethnicity, but not to the origins of the socially disadvantaged black population.

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The remarkable Juliano Moreira (1872-1933): an Afro-Brazilian psychiatrist, scientist, and humanist in an environment of slavery and racism

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Adoecimento Mental, Antipsiquiatria e Antidiagnóstico: Notas a Partir de Elso Arruda

Adoecimento Mental, Antipsiquiatria e Antidiagnóstico: Notas a Partir de Elso Arruda

Juliano Moreira: the black Brazilian who greatly influenced the modern school of Neurology in Brazil

A tribute to Juliano Moreira on his birth sesquicentennial

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