Amphetamine-type stimulant use and conditional paths of consumption: data from the Second Brazilian National Alcohol and Drugs Survey

Abdalla, Renata Rigacci; Laranjeira, Ronaldo; Caetano, Raúl; Pinsky, Ilana; Madruga, Clarice S.

doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2015-1894

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Polydrug use involving psychostimulants poses significant public health risks. For example, one study showed that amphetamine users were 21 times more likely to have a concurrent cannabis use disorder and 7 times more likely to have past-year concurrent cocaine use, compared to those with no prior history of amphetamine use (Massaro et al, 2017). In addition, nearly one-third of overdose deaths involved both psychostimulants and opioids, such as heroin and fentanyl (Kariisa et al, 2019).…”

Section: Psychostimulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Is Not Enough: Understanding and Modeling Polysubstance Use

et al. 2020

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Substance use disorder (SUD) is a chronic, relapsing disease with a highly multifaceted pathology that includes (but is not limited to) sensitivity to drug-associated cues, negative affect, and motivation to maintain drug consumption. SUDs are highly prevalent, with 35 million people meeting criteria for SUD. While drug use and addiction are highly studied, most investigations of SUDs examine drug use in isolation, rather than in the more prevalent context of comorbid substance histories. Indeed, 11.3% of individuals diagnosed with a SUD have concurrent alcohol and illicit drug use disorders. Furthermore, having a SUD with one substance increases susceptibility to developing dependence on additional substances. For example, the increased risk of developing heroin dependence is twofold for alcohol misusers, threefold for cannabis users, 15fold for cocaine users, and 40-fold for prescription misusers. Given the prevalence and risk associated with polysubstance use and current public health crises, examining these disorders through the lens of co-use is essential for translatability and improved treatment efficacy. The escalating economic and social costs and continued rise in drug use has spurred interest in developing preclinical models that effectively model this phenomenon. Here, we review the current state of the field in understanding the behavioral and neural circuitry in the context of co-use with common pairings of alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, and other addictive substances. Moreover, we outline key considerations when developing polysubstance models, including challenges to developing preclinical models to provide insights and improve treatment outcomes.

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Section: Psychostimulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Is Not Enough: Understanding and Modeling Polysubstance Use

et al. 2020

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“…There has been an increasing trend of amphetamine use in many parts of the world in recent years (1,2). Amphetamines negatively affect the productivity, health and social wellbeing, and criminal status of their users (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Amphetamine and Methamphetamine Use Among Clients of Opioid Maintenance Treatment Programs in Golestan, Iran

Danesh

Noroozi

2019

Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci

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Background: Concurrent use of stimulants during opioid maintenance treatments (OMTs) negatively impacts the treatment outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and correlation of amphetamine and methamphetamine use among OMT clients in Golestan province-Northeast of Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 750 OMT clients were recruited through a two-stage cluster sampling. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to complete the study questionnaire. Urine samples were also taken to perform rapid drug testing for morphine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, tramadol, cannabis, and benzodiazepines. Survey analysis command in STATA was used to estimate the prevalence of drug use among the target population. Results: In this study, 8.1% (95% CI: 3.6 to 12.6) of the participants had positive urine sample for amphetamine or methamphetamine. Also, 41.8% (95% CI: 34.4 to 49.1) of the clients had positive samples for morphine. The urine positivity rate of morphine was significantly higher among those who had positive urine sample for amphetamines (68.3%; 95% CI: 51.7 to 84.9 versus 39.4% 95% CI: 31.3 to 47.6). In multivariate analysis, lifetime alcohol consumption (adjusted OR: 2.8, 95% CI 1.5 to 5.5) and history of imprisonment (adjusted OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0 to 4.6) were associated with positive urine sample for amphetamines. Conclusions: Simultaneous use of amphetamines among clients of OMTs was considerable. It is recommended to regularly test all OMT clients for concurrent use of stimulants. This is particularly important for clients with past history of alcohol consumption or imprisonment.

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“…The main contributing factors of MDD are the use of ATS for the past three months, the low and moderate social support from family and significant others as well as a CD4 count less than 350 cells/ul. ATS drugs include amphetamine, methamphetamine and ecstasy or 3,4methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDMA) (Massaro et al, 2017). The ATS recent use increases about 40-fold of chances for RVD patients to get MDD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Psychological Disorder among Patients with Retroviral Disease

Jaris

Chidambaram

Kaur

et al. 2021

jABs

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) increases further morbidity and mortality of patients with retroviral disease (RVD). This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the contributing factors of MDD and GAD. The symptoms were screened using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), MDD and GAD was diagnosed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). 27(12.9%) patients had MDD and 28(13.0%) had GAD. The contributing factors include illicit drug use in the past, social support system, and CD4 count. Interventions for RVD patients should include counselling for those abusing drugs, increasing support system and adherence to treatment. Keywords: Retroviral Disease, Anxiety, Depression, Support system eISSN 2514-7528 © 2021 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA CE-Bs by E-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians / Africans / Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v6i18.380

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Amphetamine-type stimulant use and conditional paths of consumption: data from the Second Brazilian National Alcohol and Drugs Survey

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

One Is Not Enough: Understanding and Modeling Polysubstance Use

One Is Not Enough: Understanding and Modeling Polysubstance Use

Concurrent Amphetamine and Methamphetamine Use Among Clients of Opioid Maintenance Treatment Programs in Golestan, Iran

Common Psychological Disorder among Patients with Retroviral Disease

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