Risk behaviors for eating disorder in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of risk behaviors for eating disorder (ED) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their association with gender, nutritional status, variables related to T1D, and body satisfaction. Method: 189 individuals with T1D (12-56 years old) answered the Bulimic Investigation Test (BITE), the Eating Attitude Test (EAT), the Binge Eating Scale (BES), Stunkard's Figure Rating Scale, and questions regarding control of T1D. Association between ED risk behaviors and the selected variables was assessed with the chi-square test and Student's t-test; factors that influenced the risk of ED were identified by means of logistic regression. Results: Of the patients with T1D, 58.7% were at risk of ED (45, 40, and 16% according to the EAT, BITE and BES, respectively). There were significant differences between groups with and without risk for ED related to BMI (p = 0.009), gender (p = 0.001), insulin omission (p = 0.003), use of the carbohydrate counting method (p = 0.019), and body dissatisfaction (p = 0.001). The risk of ED was nine times higher in patients who reduced or omitted insulin (p = 0.036). Conclusions:Patients with T1D demonstrated a high frequency of body dissatisfaction and ED risk behaviors; the omission or reduction of insulin was an important risk factor.

Disturbed eating behavior in Iranian adolescent and young females with type-1 diabetes compared to non diabetic peers: A cross-sectional study

“…[8] These findings are presented in several other previous studies[235671516] and support a role for T1DM in inducing the ED symptoms.…”

“…[15678] In the adolescent period, increased rate of physical growth and major changes in emotional and psychomotor aspects occur. In addition, there is growing independence from parents in this period.…”

“…[10] Adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk for disturbed eating behaviors than their non-diabetic peers. [11] Effects of chronic disease on body image,[8] low self-steam due to chronic disease,[4] limited dieting, and gaining weight due to insulin injections are probably the mechanisms for occurrence of EDs in young women with type 1 diabetes. [8] Young women with EDs accompanying T1DM are confronted with specific and hard conditions.…”

Efecto del diagnóstico de la diabetes mellitus y su complicación con los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria

“…Como la DM1 se presenta mayoritariamente en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes y los TCA también, estas enfermedades tienden a coexistir 22 . Los sujetos con diabetes y TCA omiten o reducen la dosis de insulina con el propósito de perder peso 18,35,40 . Este es uno de los comportamientos de purga disponible para personas con DM1 36,40 .Según Joseph M, et al, existe una mayor prevalencia de TCA en pacientes con diabetes(10%) que en aquellos que no padecen DM (4%), ya que el trastorno se asocia mayoritariamente a la duración de la diabetes, más que por el sexo, la edad, el índice de masa corporal, el control metabólico y el régimen insulínico.…”

“…Los sujetos con diabetes y TCA omiten o reducen la dosis de insulina con el propósito de perder peso 18,35,40 . Este es uno de los comportamientos de purga disponible para personas con DM1 36,40 .Según Joseph M, et al, existe una mayor prevalencia de TCA en pacientes con diabetes(10%) que en aquellos que no padecen DM (4%), ya que el trastorno se asocia mayoritariamente a la duración de la diabetes, más que por el sexo, la edad, el índice de masa corporal, el control metabólico y el régimen insulínico. Sin embargo, revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis indican que el TA como la BN aumentó el riesgo de DM2, y los TCA en adolescentes con DM1 fueron más común que en aquellos sanos 38,39 .…”