Metabolic syndrome prevalence in different affective temperament profiles in bipolar-I disorder

Abstract

Objective: Temperament originates in the brain structure, and individual differences are attributable to neural and physiological function differences. It has been suggested that temperament is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers, which may be partly mediated by lifestyle and socioeconomic status. Therefore, we aim to compare MetS prevalence between different affective temperamental profiles for each season in bipolar patients. Methods: Twenty-six bipolar type-I patients of a specialized outpatient mood disorder unit were evaluated for MetS according to new definition proposed by the International Diabetes Federation in the four seasons of a year. Temperament was assessed using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego -autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A).Results: The proportions of MetS were 19.2, 23.1, 34.6, and 38.5% in the summer, fall, spring, and winter, respectively. Only depressive temperament scores were higher (p = 0.002) during the winter in patients with MetS. Conclusion: These data suggest that depressive temperament profiles may predispose an individual to the development of MetS in the winter.

Neuropsychological performance of patients with soft bipolar spectrum disorders

“…Unlike bipolar I disorder, which is defined by discrete and full‐blown manic episodes, the conceptualization of SBP (and ‘bipolar II spectrum’) is based on an unstable temperamental substrate in the context of which protracted or brief hypomanic episodes occur with alterations in depression . Indeed, a growing body of evidence suggests that affective temperaments that have genetic underpinnings play a big role in the relationship of morningness‐eveningness to mood fluctuation and in the treatment response , and are associated with comorbid conditions such as alcohol dependence and the metabolic syndrome . Furthermore, such temperamental attributes as mood labile , energy activity , and day dreaming – characteristics of the CT described by Kretschmer – are commonly seen in bipolar II disorder and may be the predictors of switching to bipolar II from depression .…”

Age-at-onset and comorbidity may separate depressive disorder subtypes along a descending gradient of bipolar propensity

“…This has already been argumented and documented for several of these comorbidities and in particular, anxious, ADHD, impulsecontrol, and eating disorders [42]. Even chronic medical conditions were shown to be preferentially associated with temperamental traits, particularly the depressive ones [65,66]. These data suggest that some temperamental profiles and/or association of temperamental traits may condition the more or less early occurrence of comorbidities which could themselves constitute risk factors for the further development of affective disorders.…”

Ffective Temperament and Seasonality in Bipolar Disorder

“…Accordingly, our findings also fall in the same direction -cyclothymic, depressive and anxious temperament scores were associated with the SPAQ scores. In this regard, we previously reported that temperamental dimensions constitute a vulnerability factor for the seasonal influence in a study investigating metabolic syndrome prevalence across affective temperament profiles (Altinbas et al 2013). On the other hand, the SPAQ scores were associated with neither irritable nor hyperthymic temperament scores in the current study.…”