Comparison of scores for the classification of cardiometabolic risk in adult patients enrolled in a Venezuelan program for chronic non-communicable diseases: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Several continuous measurements of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) have emerged as indexes or scores. To our knowledge, there are no published data on its application and validation in Latin America. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate four continuous measurements of metabolic status and CMR. We established its predictive capacity for four conditions associated with CMR. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at a healthcare center in the state of Carabobo, Venezuela. METHODS: The sample comprised 176 Venezuelan adults enrolled in a chronic disease care program. Four CMR scores were calculated: metabolic syndrome (MetS) Z-score; cardiometabolic index (ICMet); simple method for quantifying MetS (siMS) score; and siMS risk score. CMR biomarkers, proinflammatory status and glomerular function were assessed. MetS was established in accordance with a harmonized definition. RESULTS: Patients with MetS showed higher levels of all scores. All scores increased as the number of MetS components rose. The scores showed significant correlations with most CMR biomarkers, inflammation and glomerular function after adjusting for age and sex. In the entire sample, MetS Z-score, siMS score and siMS risk score showed the ability to detect MetS, reduced glycemic control, proinflammatory status and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate. ICMet only discriminated MetS and proinflammatory state. There were some differences in the predictive capacity of the scores according to sex. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the use of the scores assessed here. Follow-up studies should evaluate the predictive capacity of scores for cardiovascular events and diabetes in the Venezuelan population. Comparison of scores for the classification of cardiometabolic risk in adult patients enrolled in a Venezuelan program for chronic non-communicable diseases: a cross-sectional study | ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Is the Amount of Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery a Factor Determining Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction?

“…The probability of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type-2 diabetes (T2D) in an individual is known as the "cardiometabolic risk" (CMR) and many risk factors coexist. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) elevates CMR because the presence of MetS causes a five-fold increase in the risk of developing T2D and a two-fold increase in the risk of developing CVD over the next five to ten years (1,2).…”

“…This limitation seems to have been overcome with the continuous cardiometabolic risk (cCMR) index, which was used to estimate CMRs of patients diagnosed with MetS, especially in the pediatric age group, in previous studies (3). This index shows the continuous risk that the individual is exposed to and gives information about the severity of the risk (1,2). An article published in Diabetes Care in 2006 argued that CVR is a progressive function of various MetS risk factors and that separating variables into "metabolic risk" and "cardiovascular risk" would reduce statistical power; therefore, separate evaluation was suggested as not being necessary.…”

“…Similar indices have recently been developed for continuous cardiometabolic risk (cCMR) measurement. Although they contain the same components of the MetS, they were created using different methodologies (1,2).…”