Leprosy elimination - Still a long way to go

Avancini, João; Trindade, Maria Ângela Bianconcini; Sanches, José Antônio

doi:10.1590/1516-3180.2018.0345021019

Cited by 2 publications

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“…For leprosy, the strategy has not managed to interrupt transmission, which has been relatively stagnant for more than a decade [ 2 ]. Many endemic countries are still struggling to achieve timely diagnosis, often due to control programs relying on passive case detection, weak health care delivery systems, and limited funding [ 1 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. As a way to overcome these challenges, integration of vertical NTDs control programs and mainstreaming into primary health care is recommended to achieve cost-effectiveness, sustainability, and universal coverage [ 1 , 7 , 13 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Leprosy and cutaneous leishmaniasis affecting the same individuals: A retrospective cohort analysis in a hyperendemic area in Brazil

et al. 2021

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Background Leprosy and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affecting the skin. Their control is challenging but the integration of skin NTDs control programs is recommended to improve timely detection and treatment. However, little is known about the occurrence of leprosy and CL in the same individuals, and what are the characteristics of such patients. This study aimed to identify and characterize patients diagnosed with both leprosy and CL (i.e., outcome) in the hyperendemic state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Also, we investigated the demographic risk factors associated with the period between the diagnosis of both diseases. Methodology/principal findings A retrospective cohort study was conducted with patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2017. From the leprosy (n = 28,204) and CL (n = 24,771) databases of the national reporting system, 414 (0.8%; 414/52,561) patients presenting both diseases were identified through a probabilistic linkage procedure. This observed number was much higher than the number of patients that would be expected by chance alone (n = 22). The spatial distribution of patients presenting the outcome was concentrated in the North and Northeast mesoregions of the state. Through survival analysis, we detected that the probability of a patient developing both diseases increased over time from 0.2% in the first year to 1.0% within seven years. Further, using a Cox model we identified male sex (HR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.7–2.9) and low schooling level (HR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2–1.9) as positively associated with the outcome. Furthermore, the hazard of developing the outcome was higher among individuals aged 40–55 years. Conclusions/significance Leprosy and CL are affecting the same individuals in the area. Integration of control policies for both diseases will help to efficiently cover such patients. Measures should be focused on timely diagnosis by following-up patients diagnosed with CL, active case detection, and training of health professionals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leprosy and cutaneous leishmaniasis affecting the same individuals: A retrospective cohort analysis in a hyperendemic area in Brazil

et al. 2021

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“…Ainda que a doença seja curável, de acordo com a World Health Organization (2020), em 2019 foram detectados 27.864 casos no Brasil, atrás apenas da Índia com 34.000 novos casos. A maior parte da população atingida encontra-se na camada menos favorecida e menos assistida, de modo que a precariedade no acesso à saúde acarreta prejuízo na identificação do início da doença, comprometendo assim o diagnóstico precoce (Avancini, Trindade & Sanches, 2020). As pessoas tardiamente diagnosticadas com hanseníase podem adquirir sequelas graves e irreversíveis, como mutilações e deformações físicas, que podem gerar implicações psicológicas e sociais também (Fortunato, et al, 2019).…”

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O desenvolvimento de um dispositivo de tecnologia assistiva/ortoprótese para a reabilitação de pacientes com hanseníase e presença de mão em garra e/ou reabsorção óssea

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Silva

et al. 2021

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Este artigo busca apresentar o desenvolvimento uma ortoprótese de baixo custo com o intuito de auxiliar as funções manuais de indivíduos acometidos pela hanseníase com sequelas de mão em garra com ou sem reabsorção óssea e avaliar seu custo-benefício. Esse processo se deu através do uso dos princípios de alavancas para construção da mecânica do dispositivo, sendo também utilizados materiais alternativos, como fibra de vidro, couro natural e chapa galvanizada para o seu barateamento e fabricação. A partir do emprego dessas, foi possível desenvolver um produto que apresenta excelente benefício mecânico, aliado a um custo reduzido e com design compacto e simplificado, que pode promover a reabilitação e retorno do desempenho das atividades de vida diária de indivíduos acometidos pela hanseníase que tenham sequelas de mão em garra e/ou reabsorção óssea. Quando comparada a meios de fabricação padrão-ouro, como a impressão 3D, ainda assim mostrou-se competitiva com essas, tendo tempo de confecção, redução do esforço necessário para seu uso e o emprego de materiais de baixo custo como maior diferencial em relação as demais.

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Leprosy elimination - Still a long way to go

Abstract: Elimination of leprosy as a public health problem at the global level was considered achieved in the year 2000, when the registered prevalence reached less than one case of the disease per 10,000 inhabitants.

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Leprosy and cutaneous leishmaniasis affecting the same individuals: A retrospective cohort analysis in a hyperendemic area in Brazil

Leprosy and cutaneous leishmaniasis affecting the same individuals: A retrospective cohort analysis in a hyperendemic area in Brazil

O desenvolvimento de um dispositivo de tecnologia assistiva/ortoprótese para a reabilitação de pacientes com hanseníase e presença de mão em garra e/ou reabsorção óssea

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