Ballistic Test of Multilayered Armor with Intermediate Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Jute Fabric

Luz, Fernanda Santos da; Lima, Enrique Luis; Louro, Luís Henrique Leme; Monteiro, Sérgio Neves

doi:10.1590/1516-1439.358914

Cited by 103 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…7(a) the small white particles of ceramic covering the fracture surface. This is an indication of a mechanism associated with the capture of fragments from the front ceramic, as previously reported for other natural fiber composites as MAS second layer [13][14][15][16][17][18] . Evidence of coir fiber pullout is depicted in Fig 7 (b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Moreover, these depth of indentations were comparable to that of MAS using Kevlar™ as second layer. Table 2 presents the depth of indentation for MASs with coir mantle composites as second layers as well as corresponding values for Kevlar™ 17 and pure epoxy 13 . In this table one should notice that all depth indentation values are smaller than 44 mm, which is the limit required by the standard 29 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In principle, the recognized mechanisms are stretching, delamination and rupture of fibers [13][14][15][16][17][18] . However, another efficient mechanism of energy dissipation is the capture of fragments resulting from the shatter of the first layer 27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymer based composites reinforced with natural fibers have been ballistic tested as possible application in armors [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . Recently the use of natural fabrics, fabricated from lignocellulosic fibers, as polymer composite reinforcement to be applied in MAS second layer was investigated 17,18 . In addition to much lower cost in comparison to synthetic aramid or UHMWPE fibers, natural fibers and fabrics are sustainable and neutral with respect to CO 2 emission responsible for global warming [19][20][21][22][23] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ballistic Application of Coir Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite in Multilayered Armor

et al. 2017

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Multilayered armor systems (MAS) composed of relatively lighter materials with capacity to provide personal ballistic protection are being extensively investigated and used in armor vests. A typical MAS to stand high impact energy 7.62 mm bullet has a front ceramic followed by an aramid fabric laminate, such as Kevlar™. Since both the army and municipal police personnel might need to wear an armor vest, a large number of vests needs to be supplied. In the case of Kevlar™, one of the most expensive MAS material with an expiration time of 5 years, the possibility of its replacement by an equally ballistic efficient low cost material and more durable could be a relevant economical advantage. Natural fibers composites have recently been investigated as possible alternatives for Kevlar™. In particular, the fiber extracted from the coconut fruit, known as coir fiber, normally disposed as waste, could be a low cost material for this purpose. Therefore, the present work investigated the possibility of using coir fiber mantle, with different volume fraction, reinforcing epoxy composites as MAS second layer. It was found that 30 vol% of coir fiber composite displayed similar ballistic performance as compared to Kevlar™ with substantial economical advantage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ballistic Application of Coir Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite in Multilayered Armor

et al. 2017

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“…In particular, investigations on the ballistic performance of natural fiber composites are, since 2001, also following this tendency [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] . More recently, specific works [18][19][20][21][22][23] were published on the ballistic performance of natural fibers reinforced polymeric composites. The ballistic performance was evaluated in standard tests 24 against high energy 7.62 mm ammunition by measuring the depth of indentation produced in clay witness simulating a human body behind the MAS.…”

Section: Güven Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic Performance of Mallow and Jute Natural Fabrics Reinforced Epoxy Composites in Multilayered Armor

et al. 2017

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Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites have recently been investigated as a component of multilayered armor system (MAS). These composites were found to present advantages when replacing conventional high strength synthetic aramid fabric laminate composite (Kevlar TM , with same thickness, as MAS second layer. Continuous and loose natural fibers were up to now mostly used to reinforce these ballistic composites. Only two natural fabrics reinforced polymer composite were so far used with same purpose. Therefore, this work investigated the possibility of substituting Kevlar TM for three other natural fabrics, based on mallow and jute fibers, as reinforcement of epoxy composites. Fabrics made of either pure mallow, or 70%mallow/30% jute or 50%mallow/50% jute fibers were separately mixed with epoxy to produce laminate composite plates. These plates were set as second layer of Al 2 O 3 /Nb 2 O 5 front ceramic MAS, that were ballistic tested against relatively high energy 7.62 mm ammunition. Indentation depth values caused by the bullet penetration in clay witness, simulating human body behind the MAS, were always found to be below the safety standard limit. These indentation values were similar to those obtained in MAS with Kevlar TM as second layer. However, significant economical advantages favor the investigated natural fabric composites over the synthetic Kevlar.

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Ballistic impact performance of composite laminates based on high‐density polyethylene/montmorillonite nanocomposite and Aramide fiber

et al. 2021

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Nanostructured thermoplastic consisting of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) modified with exfoliated montmorillonite (MMT) was successfully used as the matrix for the development of composite for ballistic applications. The effect of HDPE and HDPE/MMT as the matrix on the mechanical and ballistic properties of para-aramid plain-woven fabric-based composites was compared with the commercial composite constituted by polyvinyl-butyral-phenolic resin as the matrix. The dynamic compressive tests using split Hopkinson pressure bar equipment revealed a remarkable increase of maximum compression strength, outstanding dynamic compressive response, and superior tenacity for the composite containing HDPE/MMT as the matrix. Moreover, the ballistic limit of the HDPE/MMT-based composite was the highest one. Mechanical failures indicated that this matrix was able to interact with a greater fiber volume and was responsible for improving the ballistic impact energy absorption. Thus, the use of MMT in thermoplastic matrix may be considered a promising ballistic solution due to the possibility of combining lightweight and ballistic resistance.

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Ballistic Test of Multilayered Armor with Intermediate Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Jute Fabric

Cited by 103 publications

References 35 publications

Ballistic Application of Coir Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite in Multilayered Armor

Ballistic Application of Coir Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite in Multilayered Armor

Ballistic Performance of Mallow and Jute Natural Fabrics Reinforced Epoxy Composites in Multilayered Armor

Ballistic impact performance of composite laminates based on high‐density polyethylene/montmorillonite nanocomposite and Aramide fiber

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