Prevalence of insomnia and anxiety among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jilin Province

Abstract

The outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has impacted the mental health of healthcare providers at the frontline. Therefore, we conducted this study to estimate the prevalence rate of anxiety and insomnia and identify associated risk factors among healthcare workers in Jilin, China, during the period from January 25 to February 25, 2020. Zung's Self-Reported Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scale were used to diagnose anxiety and insomnia, respectively. Associated risk factors were identified through a multivariate logistic regression model. A total of 300 healthcare workers were invited and 236 completed the study. Of them, 234 (99.15%) were medical workers, 197 (83.47%) were working at frontline departments, and 159 (67.37%) were fighting against COVID-19. Fifty-seven respondents (24.15%) had anxiety (SAS index score ≥45) and 94 (39.83%) had insomnia (ISI score ≥8). Based on the multivariate analysis, contact with people from Hubei province during work (no vs not clear) [OR=0.25, 95%CI: 0.10-0.61] and personal protective equipment (PPE) (not in place vs in place) [OR=6.22, 95%CI: 2.23-17.40] were significantly correlated with anxiety. PPE (not in place vs in place) was the only significant risk factor of insomnia [OR=10.56, 95%CI: 4.00-27.87]. The prevalence of anxiety and insomnia was high in our study, reflecting the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers. The unavailability of PPE in place was a significant risk factor of both anxiety and insomnia.

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“…To our knowledge, this study was the first to report the level of LS among female workers after resuming to work during the COVID-19 epidemic, and to explore underlying mediating and moderating mechanisms among these associations. The demographic characteristics of the sample in this study were similar to the partial results on adults and healthcare workers in Jilin Province (Dong et al, 2021; Zhang et al, 2016). Furthermore, the large sample of the study seemed to increase the generalization of our result.…”

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“…The ISI scores in their study revealed a high prevalence rate of insomnia (41.4%) ( Fekih-Romdhane et al, 2020 ). Similarly, Dong and Gao (2021) reported a high prevalence of anxiety (24.15%) and insomnia (39.83%). These authors used the Self-Reported Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the ISI to screen for anxiety and insomnia, respectively.…”

“…et al (2020) , who showed that having PPE was associated with less distress. Also, Dong and Gao (2021) identified the unavailability of PPE as a significant risk factor for both anxiety and insomnia.…”

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