Hypertension is associated with greater heat exchange during exercise recovery in a hot environment

Fonseca, Sueli Ferreira da; Ribeiro, Vanessa Gonçalves César; Magalhães, Flávio de Castro; Mendonça, Vanessa Amaral; Peixoto, Marco Fabrício Dias; Leite, Laura Hora Rios; Coimbra, Cândido Celso; Lacerda, Ana Cristina Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/1414-431x20154532

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…All reported tests involved preparation of the skin by use of an alcohol swab immediately before mounting the devices, as a means to eliminate oils and other contaminants. The skin temperature in all tests was within a range from 30 to 37°C, typical of exercise 40 . The estimated temperature related changes in BP are, therefore, within 3%, and can be neglected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Soft, skin-mounted microfluidic systems for measuring secretory fluidic pressures generated at the surface of the skin by eccrine sweat glands

et al. 2017

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During periods of activity, sweat glands produce pressures associated with osmotic effects to drive liquid to the surface of the skin. The magnitudes of these pressures may provide insights into physiological health, the intensity of physical exertion, psychological stress factors and/other information of interest, yet they are currently unknown due to absence of means for non-invasive measurement. This paper introduces a thin, soft wearable microfluidic system that mounts onto the surface of the skin to enable precise and routine measurements of secretory fluidic pressures generated at the surface of the skin by eccrine sweat glands (surface SPSG, or s-SPSG) at nearly any location on the body. These platforms incorporate an arrayed collection of unit cells each of which includes an opening to the skin, an inlet through which sweat can flow, a capillary bursting valve (CBV) with a unique bursting pressure (BP), a corresponding microreservoir to receive sweat and an outlet to the surrounding ambient to allow release of backpressure. The BPs systematically span the physiologically relevant range. The set of unit cells is designed such that the BP difference between any two unit cells is greater than the combined uncertainty. Human studies demonstrate measurements of s-SPSG under different conditions, from various regions of the body. Average values in healthy young adults lie between 2.4 and 2.9 kPa. Sweat associated with vigorous exercise have s-SPSGs that are somewhat higher than those associated with sedentary activity. For all conditions, the forearm and lower back tend to yield the highest and lowest s-SPSGs, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Soft, skin-mounted microfluidic systems for measuring secretory fluidic pressures generated at the surface of the skin by eccrine sweat glands

et al. 2017

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“…As noted in the clarification of terms section, such changes in SkBF do not necessarily translate into greater heat vulnerability during physical work. When well matched normotensive and hypertensive participants are compared during physical work in the heat, their T c and HR responses are similar ( Kenney and Kamon, 1984 ; Fonseca et al, 2015 ). As noted by Kenny et al (2010) , the use of antihypertensive medications (diuretics, vasodilators, β-blockers) may independently increase susceptibility to heat stress issues.…”

Section: Chronic Health Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Responses to Heat Stress: Implications for Hyperthermia and Physical Work Capacity

2020

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Background: Extreme heat events are increasing in frequency, severity, and duration. It is well known that heat stress can have a negative impact on occupational health and productivity, particularly during physical work. However, there are no up-to-date reviews on how vulnerability to heat changes as a function of individual characteristics in relation to the risk of hyperthermia and work capacity loss. The objective of this narrative review is to examine the role of individual characteristics on the human heat stress response, specifically in relation to hyperthermia risk and productivity loss in hot workplaces. Finally, we aim to generate practical guidance for industrial hygienists considering our findings. Factors included in the analysis were body mass, body surface area to mass ratio, body fat, aerobic fitness and training, heat adaptation, aging, sex, and chronic health conditions. Findings: We found the relevance of any factor to be dynamic, based on the work-type (fixed pace or relative to fitness level), work intensity (low, moderate, or heavy work), climate type (humidity, clothing vapor resistance), and variable of interest (risk of hyperthermia or likelihood of productivity loss). Heat adaptation, high aerobic fitness, and having a large body mass are the most protective factors during heat exposure. Primary detrimental factors include low fitness, low body mass, and lack of heat adaptation. Aging beyond 50 years, being female, and diabetes are less impactful negative factors, since their independent effect is quite small in well matched participants. Skin surface area to mass ratio, body composition, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease are not strong independent predictors of the heat stress response. Conclusion: Understanding how individual factors impact responses to heat stress is necessary for the prediction of heat wave impacts on occupational health and work capacity. The recommendations provided in this report could be utilized to help curtail hyperthermia risk and productivity losses induced by heat.

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“…Prolonged environmental hyperthermia can result in clinical manifestations that can vary from exacerbation of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension (Fonseca et al. 2015) or disruption of the intestinal barrier (Xu et al. 2015) to potentially life‐threatening diseases, including kidney pathology (Glaser et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic and acute heat-related illnesses, including heat stroke, remain a major consequence of global warming with the likelihood of increased incidence given current predictive environmental models. Prolonged environmental hyperthermia can result in clinical manifestations that can vary from exacerbation of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension (Fonseca et al 2015) or disruption of the intestinal barrier (Xu et al 2015) to potentially life-threatening diseases, including kidney pathology (Glaser et al 2016), coronary artery disease, or cardiac arrest (Kones 2011). This chronic hyperthermic stress can affect not only human health, but also agricultural animal welfare and decrease agricultural productivity and growth efficiency implicating hyperthermic muscle injury in this process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute heat stress activated inflammatory signaling in porcine oxidative skeletal muscle

et al. 2017

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Despite well‐studied clinical manifestations, intracellular mechanisms of prolonged hyperthermic injury remain unclear, especially in skeletal muscle. Given muscle's large potential to impact systemic inflammation and metabolism, the response of muscle cells to heat‐mediated injury warrants further investigation. We have previously reported increased activation of NF‐κB signaling and increased NF‐κB and AP‐1‐driven transcripts in oxidative skeletal muscle following 12 h of heat stress. The purpose of this investigation was to examine early heat stress‐induced inflammatory signaling in skeletal muscle. We hypothesized that heat stress would increase NF‐κB and AP‐1 signaling in oxidative skeletal muscle. To address this hypothesis, 32 gilts were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups (n = 8/group): control (0 h: 21°C) or exposed to heat stress conditions (37°C) for 2 h (n = 8), 4 h (n = 8), or 6 h (n = 8). Immediately following environmental exposure pigs were euthanized and the red portion of the semitendinosus muscle (STR) was harvested. We found evidence of NF‐κB pathway activation as indicated by increased protein abundance of NF‐κB activator IKK‐α following 4 h and increased total NF‐κB protein abundance following 6 h of heat stress. Heat stress also stimulated AP‐1 signaling as AP‐1 protein abundance was increased in nuclear fractions following 4 h of heat stress. Interleukin‐6 protein abundance and activation of the JAK/STAT pathway were decreased in heat stressed muscle. These data indicate that heat stress activated inflammatory signaling in the porcine STR muscle via the AP‐1 pathway and early activation of the NF‐κB pathway.

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Hypertension is associated with greater heat exchange during exercise recovery in a hot environment

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Soft, skin-mounted microfluidic systems for measuring secretory fluidic pressures generated at the surface of the skin by eccrine sweat glands

Soft, skin-mounted microfluidic systems for measuring secretory fluidic pressures generated at the surface of the skin by eccrine sweat glands

Individual Responses to Heat Stress: Implications for Hyperthermia and Physical Work Capacity

Acute heat stress activated inflammatory signaling in porcine oxidative skeletal muscle

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