A single resistance exercise session improves myocardial contractility in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Fernandes, Aurélia Araújo; Faria, Thaís de Oliveira; Júnior, Rogério Faustino Ribeiro; Costa, Gustavo Pinto; Marchezini, B.; Silveira, Edna Aparecida; Angeli, Jhuli Keli; Stefanon, Ivanita; Vassallo, Dalton Valentim; Lizardo, Juliana Hott de Fúcio

doi:10.1590/1414-431x20154355

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Increased myosin adenosine triphosphatase activity and improved calcium transient may be involved in the improved response to isoproterenol ( Bers, 2002 ; MacDonnell et al, 2005 ; Pinter et al, 2008 ). Exercise-induced improvement in myocardial function has been described in hypertensive rats at both basal condition and after inotropic stimulation ( Fernandes et al, 2015 ). Trained SHR had improved inotropic responsiveness to β-adrenergic stimulation and increased phosphorylation of calcium transient proteins ( MacDonnell et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise During Advance Stage of Uncontrolled Arterial Hypertension

Pagan

Gomes

Damatto³

et al. 2021

Front. Physiol.

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AimTo evaluate the influence of physical training on myocardial function, oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), at advanced stage of arterial hypertension, which precedes heart failure development.MethodsWe studied four experimental groups: normotensive Wistar rats (W, n = 27), trained W (W-EX, n = 31), SHR (n = 27), and exercised SHR (SHR-EX, n = 32). At 13 months old, the exercise groups underwent treadmill exercise 5 days a week for 4 months. In vitro myocardial function was analyzed in left ventricular (LV) papillary muscle preparations. Antioxidant enzyme activity and energy metabolism were assessed by spectrophotometry. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity was analyzed by lucigenin reduction and protein expression by Western blot. Statistical analyzes: ANOVA and Tukey or Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn tests.ResultsSHR-EX had a lower frequency of heart failure features than SHR. Myocardial function and antioxidant enzyme activity were better in SHR-EX than SHR. Lipid hydroperoxide concentration, and phosphorylated JNK and total IkB protein expression were higher in hypertensive than control groups. Malondialdehyde, NADPH oxidase activity, total JNK, phosphorylated p38, phosphorylated and total p65 NF-κB, and phosphorylated IkB did not differ between groups. Protein expression from total p38, and total and phosphorylated ERK were higher in SHR than W. Lactate dehydrogenase and phosphorylated ERK were lower and citrate synthase and β-hydroxyacyldehydrogenase were higher in SHR-EX than SHR.ConclusionExercise improves physical capacity, myocardial function, and antioxidant enzyme activity; reduces the frequency of heart failure features and ERK phosphorylation; and normalizes energy metabolism in SHR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise During Advance Stage of Uncontrolled Arterial Hypertension

Pagan

Gomes

Damatto³

et al. 2021

Front. Physiol.

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“…The maximal rate of pressure development (+dp/dt) and relaxation (−dp/dt) in T1DM rats were significantly improved in experimental groups utilizing RT that were not evident in D-AT high . It has been reported that just a single bout of RT can improve the rate of left ventricular systolic pressure in hypertensive rats undergoing Langendorf perfusion [ 32 ]. Further, Melo et al [ 33 ] reported faster cardiomyocyte contraction and relaxation in rats following eight weeks of RT, believed to be due to increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase (SERCA2a) expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Training Induced Cardioprotection with Moderate Hyperglycemia versus Sedentary Intensive Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetic Rats

McDonald

Dotzert

Jiang

et al. 2018

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Intensive insulin therapy (IIT; 4–7 mmol/L) is the preferred treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, this treatment strategy has been questioned as it is accompanied with a sedentary lifestyle leading to weight gain and insulin resistance. T1DM patients who partake in high-intensity aerobic training (AThigh) to reduce CVD often utilize conventional insulin therapy (CIT; 9–15 mmol/L) to offset the risk of hypoglycemia. Moreover, exercise modalities incorporating resistance training (RT) have been shown to further reduce this risk. The purpose of this investigation was twofold: (1) to determine if CIT paired with AThigh results in larger cardioprotection from an ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury than IIT and (2) to establish if the integration of RT with AThigh (ART) results in similar cardioprotection as AThigh. Diabetic (D) male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into D-IIT (n = 12), D-CIT (n = 12), D-AThigh (n = 8), D-RT (n = 8), and D-ART (n = 8). T1DM was induced with streptozotocin, and blood glucose was adjusted with insulin. D-AThigh occurred on a treadmill (27 m/min; 1 hr), D-RT performed weighted ladder climbs, and D-ART alternated daily between AThigh and RT. Exercise occurred 5 days/wk for 12 wks. This investigation demonstrates that cardioprotection following an I-R injury was similar between D-AThigh and D-IIT. This cardioprotection is not exercise-specific, and each provides unique advantages. D-AThigh leads to improved glycemia while insulin sensitivity was enhanced following resistance exercises. Thus, exercise is an effective means to elicit cardioprotection in T1DM. However, in addition to glycemia, other factors should be considered when tailoring an exercise program for T1DM patients.

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“…The mechanisms underlying the divergent LV volumetric response to resistance exercise remain speculative but may involve changes in specific cellular and molecular adaptation of the myocardium and extracellular matrix (16,33). Cardiomyocyte contractility may increase following resistance training via myosin ATPase activity and enhanced Ca 2ϩ influx, as has been shown in rodent studies (12,19). In turn, these adaptations would increase the force of contraction, thereby improving the myocardial capacity to maintain efficient ejection in the face of an increased afterload.…”

Section: H636mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus-specific functional remodeling of the left ventricle in endurance and resistance-trained men

Dawkins

Curry

Drane

et al. 2020

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Left ventricular (LV) structural remodeling following athletic training has been evidenced through training-specific changes in wall thickness and geometry. Whether the LV response to changes in hemodynamic load also adapts in a training-specific manner is unknown. Using echocardiography, we examined LV responses of endurance-trained (n=15), resistance-trained (n=14), and non-athletic males (n=13) to (i) 20%, 40%, and 60% one-repetition-maximum (1RM) leg-press exercise, and (ii) intravascular Gelofusine infusion (7ml·kg-1) with passive leg-raise. While resting heart rate was lower in endurance-trained vs. controls (P=0.001), blood pressure was similar between groups. Endurance-trained individuals had lower wall thickness, but greater LV mass relative to body surface area vs. controls, with no difference between resistance-trained and controls. Leg-press evoked a similar increase in blood pressure; however, resistance-trained preserved stroke volume (SV; -3±8%) vs. controls at 60% 1RM (-15±7%, P=0.001). While the maintenance of SV was related to the change in longitudinal strain across all groups (R=0.537; P=0.007), time-to-peak strain was maintained in resistance-trained but delayed in endurance-trained individuals (1% vs. 12% delay; P=0.021). Volume infusion caused a similar increase in end-diastolic volume (EDV) and SV across groups, but leg-raise further increased EDV only in endurance-trained individuals (5±5% to 8±5%; P=0.018). Correlation analysis revealed a relationship between SV and longitudinal strain following infusion and leg-raise (R=0.334, P=0.054), however, we observed no between-group differences in longitudinal myocardial mechanics. In conclusion, resistance-trained individuals better maintained SV during pressure loading, whereas endurance-trained individuals demonstrated greater EDV reserve during volume loading. These data provide novel evidence of training-specific LV functional remodeling.

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A single resistance exercise session improves myocardial contractility in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Aerobic Exercise During Advance Stage of Uncontrolled Arterial Hypertension

Aerobic Exercise During Advance Stage of Uncontrolled Arterial Hypertension

Exercise Training Induced Cardioprotection with Moderate Hyperglycemia versus Sedentary Intensive Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetic Rats

Stimulus-specific functional remodeling of the left ventricle in endurance and resistance-trained men

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