A glycoprotein E gene-deleted bovine herpesvirus 1 as a candidate vaccine strain

Abstract

A bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) defective in glycoprotein E (gE) was constructed from a Brazilian genital BoHV-1 isolate, by replacing the full gE coding region with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene for selection. Upon co-transfection of MDBK cells with genomic viral DNA plus the GFP-bearing gE-deletion plasmid, three fluorescent recombinant clones were obtained out of approximately 5000 viral plaques. Deletion of the gE gene and the presence of the GFP marker in the genome of recombinant viruses were confirmed by PCR. Despite forming smaller plaques, the BoHV-1△gE recombinants replicated in MDBK cells with similar kinetics and to similar titers to that of the parental virus (SV56/90), demonstrating that the gE deletion had no deleterious effects on replication efficacy in vitro. Thirteen calves inoculated intramuscularly with BoHV-1△gE developed virus neutralizing antibodies at day 42 post-infection (titers from 2 to 16), demonstrating the ability of the recombinant to replicate and to induce a serological response in vivo. Furthermore, the serological response induced by recombinant BoHV-1△gE could be differentiated from that induced by wild-type BoHV-1 by the use of an anti-gE antibody ELISA kit. Taken together, these results indicated the potential application of recombinant BoHV-1 △gE in vaccine formulations to prevent the losses caused by BoHV-1 infections while allowing for differentiation of vaccinated from naturally infected animals.

Differences in Antibody Responses against Chelonid Alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChHV5) Suggest Differences in Virus Biology in ChHV5-Seropositive Green Turtles from Hawaii and ChHV5-Seropositive Green Turtles from Florida

“…The choice of FUS4 was based on its partial homology to gD, the receptor-binding protein of many alphaherpesviruses (38) that may be important for the ability of herpesvirus to infect cells (61). We chose FUS8 because its gE homologues in other herpesviruses elicit strong immune responses (62,63).…”

The LORF5 Gene Is Non-essential for Replication but Important for Duck Plague Virus Cell-to-Cell Spread Efficiently in Host Cells

“…In addition, all α-herpesviruses, including DPV, also have a “cell-to-cell” spreading mechanism by which virions pass directly through cell junctions to achieve infection of adjacent cells ( Farnsworth and Johnson, 2006 ), enabling escape from neutralizing antibodies ( Johnson and Huber, 2002 ; Mateo et al, 2015 ). Previous studies have shown that viral genes that are involved in cell-to-cell spread and immune evasion but are non-essential for replication are preferred targets for α-herpesvirus gene-deletion vaccines, such as gE and gI ( Vannie et al, 2007 ; Ndjamen et al, 2014 ; Weiss et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2015 ; Dong et al, 2017 ). Therefore, clarifying the gene characteristics and functions of DPV would be informative in the prevention of DP.…”

Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis of a Genetic Marked Brucella Vaccine A19ΔvirB12 for Cattle

“…Undoubtedly, this shortcoming of traditional vaccines impairs efforts to control and eradicate infectious diseases. Fortunately, the development and application of gene-deleted vaccines can overcome this limitation ( 7 , 8 ). It is well known that the use of gene-deleted vaccines, such as gE-null marker strains, has led to great progress in the eradication of Pseudorabies virus in some areas ( 9 ).…”