“…In addition, clinical trials and epidemiological studies have found that there is no significant difference and diurnal variation in the distribution curve between women and men, and its serum concentrations are independent of ethnicity and age (Shrivastava et al, ; Xu et al, ). -
- A large number of in vivo and vitro studies have found that serum CRP is a strong independent predictor of future CVD risk and events (Alzalzalah, ; Gupta, Gupta, Gupta, Arora, & Gupta, ). The attention focused on CRP reflects a strong correlation between elevated plasma levels of CRP and the risk of future atherothrombotic events (Chandrashekara, ; Wilson et al, ), including stroke (Elkind et al, ; Idicula et al, ), coronary events (Christiansen, ; Shah et al, ; Shrivastava et al, ), and peripheral arterial disease (Gupta et al, ; Inoue et al, ).
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- Current knowledge suggests that serum hs‐CRP could be useful to estimate the risk of plaque rupture (De Rosa et al, ; Hong et al, ) and the vulnerability of the atheromatous lesion (Libby, ; Zhong et al, ). In contrast, none of the other systemic markers of inflammation, such as upstream cytokine mediators, sensitive acute‐phase proteins, negative acute‐phase proteins, or cruder multifactorial measures, have such robust and desirable characteristics (Marks & Neill, ; Shrivastava et al, ).
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- Recent studies have shown that plasma CRP concentrations predict the risk of the metabolic syndrome because components of the metabolic syndrome (i.e., central obesity, hypertension, low plasma concentrations of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), increased plasma triglyceride concentrations, and increased concentrations of blood glucose) correlate with increased plasma CRP concentrations (Hoogeveen et al, ; Shrivastava et al, ; Tully et al, ).
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- Current studies suggested that exercise, weight loss, smoking cessation, diet, and diabetes control also reduce serum CRP levels (Church et al, ).
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