Evaluation of cardiovascular toxicity of carbon nanotubes functionalized with sodium hyaluronate in oral regenerative medicine

Abstract

It has been demonstrated that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) associated with sodium hyaluronate (HY-CNTs) accelerate bone repair in the tooth sockets of rats. Before clinical application of HY-CNTs, it is important to assess their biocompatibility. Moreover, cardiac toxicity may be caused by the translocation of these particles to the blood stream. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible changes in cardiovascular function in male Wistar rats whose tooth sockets were treated with either CNTs or HY-CNTs (100 μg/mL, 0.1 mL). Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored in conscious rats 7 days after treatment. Cardiac function was evaluated using the Langendorff perfusion technique. The data showed no changes in blood pressure or heart rate in rats treated with either CNTs or HY-CNTs, and no significant changes in cardiac function were found in any of the groups. To confirm these findings, experiments were conducted in rats injected intraperitoneally with a high concentration of either CNTs or HY-CNTs (0.75 mg/kg). The same parameters were analyzed and similar results were observed. The results obtained 7 days following injection indicate that the administration of low concentrations of CNTs or HY-CNTs directly into tooth sockets did not cause any significant change in cardiovascular function in the rats. The present findings support the possibility of using these biocomposites in humans.

Controlled release and targeted delivery to cancer cells of doxorubicin from polysaccharide-functionalised single-walled carbon nanotubes

“…Thus the SWNT-CHI-HA-DOX group did not cause severe systemic side effects, due to its controlled release and targeting properties. Similar results have been reported by Joviano-Santos et al 36 They developed a drug delivery system of multiwalled carbon nanotube-hyaluronic acid (MWCNT-HA) conjugates complexed with DOX that were devoid of any detectable cardiotoxity, hepatotoxicity, or nephrotoxicity.…”

“…1 Thus, no marked long-term injury to the liver was detected aer the rst injection in all groups. Joviano-Santos et al 36 did not observe any signicant changes in blood pressure, heart rate, or cardiac function in rats treated with either carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or CNTs associated with sodium hyaluronate (HY-CNTs).…”

Enhancement of Bone Healing by Local Administration of Carbon Nanotubes Functionalized with Sodium Hyaluronate in Rat Tibiae

“…since compact bones are more frequently involved in trauma with bone tissue loss [Joviano-Santos et al, 2014]. Besides, as a 1.6-mm-sized defect is usually bigger than the majority of the bone defects created when a typical tibia fracture occurs, we believe that this defect had a sufficient size to assess whether the materials are capable of promoting faster bone regeneration in a long and compact bone.…”

“…In this context, we have previously demonstrated that HY and HY-CNTs were able to accelerate the healing process of tooth sockets of normal and diabetic rats after tooth extraction [Mendes et al, 2008;Sá et al, 2013;Martins-Júnior et al, 2016] without any significant changes in the cardiovascular function of animals [Joviano-Santos et al, 2014]. These studies were performed using tooth sockets as a model for bone repair, which is a very small area in a spongy bone.…”

Potential cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles: Stimulation of autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac cells

“…Various research fraternities have highlighted the untoward effects of different NPs including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) NPs, cadmium (Cd) NPs, etc. ( Carmo et al, 2019 , Huerta-Garcia et al, 2018 , Joviano-Santos et al, 2014 , Kavosi et al, 2018 , Ladhar et al, 2014 , Pujalte et al, 2011 , Rana et al, 2018 ). Studies have revealed differential cardiovascular toxicities of single- and multi-wall CNTs ( Joviano-Santos et al, 2014 , Kavosi et al, 2018 ).…”