Leukocytosis, muscle damage and increased lymphocyte proliferative response after an adventure sprint race

Abstract

The effect of an adventure sprint race (ASR) on T-cell proliferation, leukocyte count and muscle damage was evaluated. Seven young male runners completed an ASR in the region of Serra do Espinhaço, Brazil. The race induced a strong leukocytosis (6.22±2.04×103 cells/mm3 before vs 14.81±3.53×103 cells/mm3 after the race), marked by a significant increase of neutrophils and monocytes (P<0.05), but not total lymphocytes, CD3+CD4+ or CD3+CD8+ cells. However, the T-cell proliferative response to mitogenic stimulation was increased (P=0.025) after the race, which contradicted our hypothesis that ASR, as a high-demand competition, would inhibit T-cell proliferation. A positive correlation (P=0.03, r=0.79) was observed between the proliferative response of lymphocytes after the race and the time to complete the race, suggesting that the proliferative response was dependent on exercise intensity. Muscle damage was evident after the race by increased serum levels of aspartate amino transferase (24.99±8.30 vs 50.61±15.76 U/L, P=0.003). The results suggest that humoral factors and substances released by damaged muscle may be responsible for lymphocyte activation, which may be involved in muscle recovery and repair.

Lifelong training improves anti-inflammatory environment and maintains the number of regulatory T cells in masters athletes

“…It is well known that maximal efforts have profound effects on total leukocytes, marked by an acute inflammatory response that is characterized by leukocytosis and leukocyte activation, release of inflammatory mediators and tissue damage (Tossige-Gomes et al 2014). In our study an increase in the absolute number of granulocytes and monocytes, and lymphocytes was observed, arguing that some of the leukocytosis observed in the Masters and Control groups may be due to a local inflammatory response caused by tissue injury.…”

“…The immunological mechanisms that underlie this apparent increase in infection susceptibility in athletes are probably multi-factorial and include perturbations of the T-cell compartment (Cosgrove et al 2012;Tossige-Gomes et al 2014;Simpson et al 2015).…”

Daily Hematologic Assessment During a 230-Km Multistage Ultramarathon

“…This may result in increased risk of infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders. 19 We observe lymphocytosis just in S3 of the MSUM. Probably this reflect a post-stage salivary cortisol concentration lower (54%) in this stage.…”

Leukocyte Populations are Associated with Heart Rate Variability After a Triathlon

“…It has been suggested that strenuous exercise leads to temporary immunosuppression, causing athletes to acquire more respiratory infections during periods of intense training and after competition (Levada-Pires et al, 2008; Tossige-Gomes et al, 2014). This temporary depression of immune function is a result of acute exercise or competition.…”

“…This temporary depression of immune function is a result of acute exercise or competition. Acute exercise also results in an increase of leukocytes and neutrophils, which are the first to migrate to the area of injury (de Moura et al, 2012; Tossige-Gomes et al, 2014); however, lymphocyte circulation is reduced (Gleeson, 2007; Park and Park, 2008). …”