Apoio Social, Resiliência, Estresse de Minorias e Saúde Mental de Mulheres Lésbicas e Bissexuais

Abstract

Resumo Este estudo buscou avaliar os efeitos de moderação do apoio social e da resiliência na relação entre o Estresse de Minorias (EM) e desfechos de saúde mental. Participaram desse estudo 337 mulheres, sendo 42,43% lésbicas (n = 143) e 57,57% bissexuais (n = 194), maiores de 18 anos (M = 26 anos; DP = 17,3). As participantes responderam escalas de homofobia internalizada, vitimização, revelação da orientação sexual, felicidade subjetiva, satisfação com a vida, depressão, ansiedade e estresse, apoio social e resiliência. Foi realizada uma modelagem por equações estruturais para verificar o impacto dos estressores de minorias nas variáveis de bem-estar (BES) e psicopatologia (PSP), além de testar se apoio social e resiliência moderavam essas relações. Os resultados demonstraram que a resiliência moderou a relação entre vitimização e psicopatologia. Implicações clínicas são apontadas ao longo do artigo.

Intimate Partner Violence and Women’s Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

“…Besides, being in a relationship with a person of the same gender was also associated with a higher frequency of depression in our sample, in agreement with studies that show a higher risk of mental disorders and suicidal behavior for LGBTQIA+ people [63,64]. These health disparities can be due to the negative social experiences that LGBTQIA+ people have endured due to their sexual orientation, like suffering internalized homophobia and the perception of social stigma [65,66]. Also, the public policies outlined do not contemplate the specificities of lesbian and bisexual women, hampering their access to protection network [67].…”

“…Also, the public policies outlined do not contemplate the specificities of lesbian and bisexual women, hampering their access to protection network [67]. In this sense, the minority stress model is a valuable model for understanding the internal and external conditions experienced by LGBTQIA+ individuals and the impacts on their mental health [65].…”

“…This theoretical model refers to stressors related to one's minority status, such as sexual and racial minority individuals, having a pervasive influence on the mental health of minorities [68,69]. It proposes risk (such as abuse, violence, homophobia, and discrimination) and protective factors (such as self-acceptance and social support) related to the stress experienced by individuals whose sexual identity is stigmatized [65].…”