Tobacco use among transgender and gender non-binary youth in Brazil

Fontanari, Anna Martha Vaitses; Churchill, Siobhan; Schneider, Maiko Abel; Soll, Bianca Machado Borba; Costa, Ângelo Brandelli; Lobato, Maria Inês Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/1413-812320212611.3.35272019

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This study presents nationally representative data on Brazilian SGM and points to a higher prevalence of tobacco use in this population, when compared with non-SGM, corroborating findings from studies with similar characteristics in other countries. [9][10][11] According to the current study's findings, SGM tobacco users are mostly younger, more educated and with a lower proportion of persons with steady/stable partners, which distinguishes them from non-SGM tobacco users or tobacco users in general in Brazil, but similar to the profile of users of electronic smoking devices and water pipes with regard to age and schooling. 28 In addition, the majority of SGM tobacco users were male, similar to the general population of tobacco users, but they showed higher prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…5 Especially in the case of specific populations such as sexual and gender minorities-SGM (eg, lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals, transvestites, transgenders, queers, intersex, asexuals and others (LGBTQIA+)), the issue appears to be more serious, since published studies with data from other countries [6][7][8] and the rare existing Brazilian studies point to higher consumption of tobacco products in this group. [9][10][11] This scenario is aggravated by other variables associated with SGM, such as higher prevalence of health problems when compared with the general population. [11][12][13][14] The population of SGM also encounters…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially in the case of specific populations such as sexual and gender minorities—SGM (eg, lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals, transvestites, transgenders, queers, intersex, asexuals and others (LGBTQIA+)), the issue appears to be more serious, since published studies with data from other countries6–8 and the rare existing Brazilian studies point to higher consumption of tobacco products in this group 9–11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tobacco use by sexual and gender minorities: findings from a Brazilian national survey

et al. 2023

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ObjectiveThe study aims to identify the prevalence of use of tobacco products by sexual and gender minorities (SGM) in Brazil, the users’ profile and associations between tobacco use and social and behavioural variables.MethodologyThe study used data from a representative nationwide household survey of the Brazilian population aged 12–65 years—the first one to address the issue of sexual orientation/gender identity. The study sample consisted of 15 801 individuals. Social and behavioural characteristics and the use of tobacco products were compared according to sexual orientation/gender identity. A multivariate logistic model was constructed to assess the association between tobacco use and sexual orientation/gender identity, as well as models stratified by SGM and non-SGM.ResultsPrevalence of any tobacco product use was 44.7% among SGM and 17.0% among non-SGM. Water pipe use was ~8 times higher for SGM than for non-SGM (13.5% vs 1.6%). SGM tobacco users were younger and had more schooling than non-SGM tobacco users. After adjusting for social and behavioural variables, the multivariate model showed that SGM were 150% more likely to use tobacco products than non-SGM (adjusted OR 2.52; 95% CI 1.61 to 3.95). In the model for SGM, schooling, alcohol consumption, illicit drug consumption, violence and anxiety/depression were significantly associated with tobacco use.ConclusionPrevalence of tobacco use among SGM was higher than among non-SGM, and the profile of tobacco users differed between them. It is urgent to monitor health issues in SGM in Brazil and to adopt tobacco control strategies for this group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tobacco use by sexual and gender minorities: findings from a Brazilian national survey

et al. 2023

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“…Studies also worked with clinics (n = 3), schools and universities (n = 4) or a combination of these institutions (n = 2) to identify respondents. Two of the four articles that did not mention working with institutions at the sampling phase drew on the same survey in Brazil, which recruited participants through Facebook advertisements [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of survey research with gender minority adolescents and youth in low and middle-income countries

2023

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Background Survey data that categorizes gender identity in binary terms and conflates sex and gender limits knowledge around the experience of gender minority populations, whose gender identity or expression does not align with the sex they were assigned at birth. In this review, we outline the existing survey research on the experience of a gender minority demographic for whom there is particularly limited data: adolescents and youth in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This paper is a scoping review of peer-reviewed articles, published in English, that use survey data to examine the experience of gender minority adolescents and youth in LMICs. We conducted a search on two major databases using key terms related to gender identity, adolescence and youth, and country and region. This search yielded 385 articles. Following a team-conducted review, we retained 33 articles for the final analysis. Results Our review shows that surveys with adolescents and youth in LMICs are increasingly including questions and taking sampling approaches that allow gender minority populations to be visible in survey data. Surveys that do so are largely focused in upper middle-income countries (n = 24), rather than lower middle-income or low-income countries, with South East Asia a notable sub-region of focus (n = 15). Sexual health, mental health, and violence are key topics of interest. Most of the surveys rely on some form of network-driven sampling focused on sexual and/or gender minorities (n = 22). The studies vary in how they ask about gender identity, both in terms of question formulation and the answer categories that are offered, as well as the extent to which they describe the questions in the article text. Conclusions This review reveals a growing body of work that provides important insights into the experiences of gender minority adolescents and youth in LMICs. More studies could integrate these approaches, but it must be done in a way that is thoughtful about cultural and political context. Given the relatively nascent nature of such research, we encourage scholars to continue providing details on methodology, including around participant recruitment and the development of gender identity questions. This information would be valuable for researchers seeking to better include gender minorities and their experiences in survey research, but who might be daunted methodologically.

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“…Safety enters into the relationships between school connectedness and dropout, particularly salient in transgender youth, as this population is more exposed to environmental stressors (Fontanari et al, 2021; Fontanari et al, 2019; Valentine & Shipherd, 2018). At school, discrimination and violence can lead to school disconnectedness (Day, Perez-Brumer, & Russell, 2018; Fontanari et al, 2018; McGuire, Anderson, Toomey, & Russell, 2010; Zeluf et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving School Outcomes for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth: A Rapid Review

Feijó

Fontanari

Boeira

et al. 2022

Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences

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Transgender and gender-diverse students may experience poorer school outcomes due to a threatening school climate. A rapid review using systematic search found 2,111 studies mentioned LGBTQ + students, but only three were peer-reviewed empirical tests of potential interventions to improve school outcomes among transgender and gender-diverse youth: (a) Sexual orientation, gender identity, and/or gender expression ( SOGIE) inclusive policies were associated with greater school safety, less victimization, less social aggression, and higher teacher support. (b) Among the interventions, the use of the chosen name in school reduced negative health outcomes. (c) Gay–Straight Alliances ( GSA) reduced reports of frequent gender-based bullying. Several implementation facilitators for school interventions included transgender and gender-diverse students, along with informative families, trained teachers, and supportive principals. Randomized controlled trials focusing on this population would contribute greater certainty when developing school interventions. The lack of high-quality studies should serve as a wake-up call to conduct the necessary research.

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Tobacco use among transgender and gender non-binary youth in Brazil

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Tobacco use by sexual and gender minorities: findings from a Brazilian national survey

Tobacco use by sexual and gender minorities: findings from a Brazilian national survey

A scoping review of survey research with gender minority adolescents and youth in low and middle-income countries

Improving School Outcomes for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth: A Rapid Review

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