Could Ozone Treatment Be a Promising Alternative for Osteomyelitis? An Experimental Study

Abstract

Objective:The aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical and histopathological impact of ozone treatment in an experimental model of osteomyelitis in rats. Methods:A total of 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months old, each weighing 300 to 400 g) were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (n=8) served as a control and received no interventions or medications. In Group II (n=8), osteomyelitis was induced in the femur and no treatment was applied. Group III (n=8) received intraperitoneal ozone treatment for 3 weeks after the formation of osteomyelitis in the femur. Serum samples were taken to assess total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyl content (PCO), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Bone specimens obtained from the femur were histopathologically evaluated for inflammation, necrosis, osteomyelitis, and abscess formation. Results:Serum TAC levels were notably higher (p<0.001), while LDH levels were lower (p=0.002) in Group III than Group II. No significant difference was detected between groups with respect to PCO level. Similarly, Group III displayed more favorable histopathological outcomes with respect to osteomyelitis (p=0.008), inflammation (p=0.001), necrosis (p=0.022), and abscess formation (p=0.022). Conclusion:Ozone may be a useful adjunct treatment for osteomyelitis. Further studies in animals and humans are needed to clarify and confirm these preventive effects, understand the underlying pathophysiology, and establish guidelines. Level of Evidence II; Prospective comparative study.

Ozone: a natural bioactive molecule with antioxidant property as potential new strategy in aging and in neurodegenerative disorders

“…The O 2 -O 3 therapy is a non-invasive, non-pharmacological, no-side effect and low-cost procedure applied in medicine for the treatment of more than 50 pathological processes, whose alterations in endogenous oxidative-antioxidative balance play a crucial role. Different clinical trials evidenced the effectiveness of this therapy in the treatment of degenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis ( Smith et al, 2017 , Delgado-Roche et al, 2017 , Ameli et al, 2019 ), but also cardiovascular, peripheral vascular, neurological, orthopaedic, gastrointestinal and genitourinary pathologies ( Bocci, 2011 , Elvis, Ekta, 2011 , Re et al, 2008 , Bocci, 2012 , Smith et al, 2017 , Braidy et al, 2018 ); fibromyalgia ( Moreno-Fernandez et al, 2019 , Tirelli et al, 2019 ); skin diseases/wound healing ( Fitzpatrick et al, 2018 , Wang, 2018 ); diabetes/ulcers ( Martinez-Sanchez et al, 2005 , Guclu et al, 2016 , Rosul, Patskan, 2016 , Izadi et al, 2019 , Ramirez-Acuna et al, 2019 ); infectious diseases ( Smith et al, 2017 , Mandhare et al, 2012, Song et al, 2018), including the recent global pandemic disease of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ( Zheng et al, 2020 ); dentistry ( Isler et al, 2018 , Khatri et al, 2015 , Srikanth et al, 2013 , Azarpazhooh et al, 2009 ); lung diseases ( Hernandez Rosales et al, 2005 ); osteomyelitis ( Bilge et al, 2018 ). The potential role of O 2 -O 3 as an adjuvant therapy for cancer treatment has been also suggested in in vitro and animal studies as well as in isolated clinical reports ( Clavo et al, 2018 ).…”

Successful Ozone Treatment of EBV and HSV-Related Viral Urticaria

“…The Small Ozonized Autohemotherapy (SOAT), involving the intramuscular reinjection of the patient's blood exposed to a mixture of oxygen-ozone at the concentration of 30 /ml, showed to be an effective treatment of two cases of viral-related urticaria. It's really well known that the ozone is the most powerful natural mean pathogen killing, including viruses and bacteria; this chemical agent is very effective in killing pathogens as viruses and bacteria, many times more active than chlorine (Bilge et al, 2018;Vaughn et al, 1987). So, the SOAT attains the killing of pathogen circulating in the blood and presents again the inactivated pathogen to the patient's immune system, acting as an autovaccine.…”

Various Therapeutic Methods for the Treatment of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) and Their Limitations: A Narrative Review on New Molecular and Cellular Therapeutic Approaches

“…Ozone generally exists in the form of gas composed of three oxygen atoms and positively affects hard and soft tissues by stimulating endogenous antioxidants [ 108 , 109 , 110 ]. Therefore, OT has been applied to various indications, including infectious disease, immune dysfunctions, ischemic pathologies, and neurodegenerative pathologies [ 108 , 109 , 110 ]. When ozone was applied intraorally, infection and inflammation were reduced in animal studies [ 108 , 111 ].…”

“…Therefore, OT has been applied to various indications, including infectious disease, immune dysfunctions, ischemic pathologies, and neurodegenerative pathologies [ 108 , 109 , 110 ]. When ozone was applied intraorally, infection and inflammation were reduced in animal studies [ 108 , 111 ]. Agrillo et al [ 112 ] first introduced OT as a new therapeutic protocol for patients with MRONJ by combining local minor curettage and antibiotic use.…”