Polyamines mitigate the harmful effects of salt stress on the growth and gas exchange of nasturtium

Abstract

Abiotic stresses are one of the major reasons for low crop productivity owing to the disturbances caused by them. Polyamines can be applied to mitigate the harmful effects of stress in plants. Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) is an ornamental, medicinal, and edible plant that is found in many countries. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of polyamines application and salt stress on the growth and leaf gas exchange of T. majus. The treatments to induce salt stress were as follows: 0 mM NaCl (no stress), 40 mM NaCl (moderate stress), 80 mM NaCl (severe stress), 40 mM NaCl + spermine (Spm), 40 mM NaCl + spermidine (Spd), 40 mM NaCl + putrescine (Put), 80 mM NaCl + Spm, 80 mM NaCl + Spd, and 80 mM NaCl + Put. Polyamines were applied every week for four weeks. The applications of Spd and Spm attenuated the harmful effects of moderate salt stress on plant height and leaf fresh mass. The application of Spm attenuated the harmful effects of moderate salt stress on stem diameter. The application of Spd attenuated the harmful effects of moderate salt stress on the number of buds, the stem fresh mass, and total fresh mass. The application of Spm attenuated the harmful effects of severe salt stress on stomatal conductance and transpiration rate and attenuated the harmful effects of moderate salt stress on stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis, and transpiration. The application of Spd attenuated the harmful effects of moderate salt stress on instantaneous water use efficiency and intrinsic water use efficiency. The applications of Spm and Spd application can attenuated the harmful effects of moderate salt stress on the growth and leaf gas exchange of nasturtium.

Leaf anatomy and morpho-physiological mechanisms of acclimation to high irradiance in heliconia genotypes

“…The success in the production of heliconia and consequently the commercialization of the inflorescences, depends on the use of quality propagation material, the implementation of production and handlings techniques that consider the characteristics and particularities of each species, and the correct choice of species/varieties that are adapted or have potential for acclimation to the prevailing environmental conditions of the cultivation region (Souza et al, 2016;Gonçalves et al, 2021). In this way, the climatic conditions of the cultivation environment as well the availability of water and nutrients are of extreme importance for the growth and development of the plants (Santos Filho et al, 2022). However, water availability and soil nutrients are easy to control through irrigation and fertilization.…”

“…Futhermore, the amount of light or the irradiance available in the growing environment can induce significant changes in the anatomy, especially of the leaves. This mechanism is extremely important for the acclimation, growth and yield of crops (Santos et al, 2022). The leaves have a photosynthesizing role and generally present great phenotypic plasticity in relation to light radiation, of which its availability and quality influence the development, thickness, and size of the cells.…”

Sustentabilidade em Foco: Abordagens Interdisciplinares em Agropecuária e Meio Ambiente

“…No Brasil, as flores comestíveis são identificadas sob o termo genérico 'PANCs -plantas alimentícias não convencionais', se destacando ainda por apresentarem propriedades nutracêuticas, fitonutrientes, toxicológicas e de saúde (RIVAS-GARCÍA et al, 2021). Assim, as flores apresentam papeis importantes na saúde, arte e alimentação desde os tempos antigos (SANTOS FILHO et al, 2022).…”

Spermidine mitigates salt stress in grapevine with alterations in physicochemical properties and nutrient composition

“…plays a pivotal role in safeguarding plasma membranes and mitigating the adverse effects of environmental stresses in plants by inhibiting the activity of destructive RNase and protease enzymes(Stassinos et al, 2021). PAs have emerged as a promising approach to alleviate the detrimental consequences of stress on plant physiology (dos SantosFilho et al, 2022). According toQian et al (2021), the reduction in membrane damage in plants induced by exogenous spermidine is likely attributed to the stimulation of antioxidant mechanisms that shield the plant against oxidative stress.…”