Corn stalk integrity is improved by fungicide combinations containing carboxamide

Abstract

Conservation of vegetative organs, as leaves and stalks, is essential to achieve high maize production. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of leaf area maintenance due to fungicides spraying on stalk integrity, its chemical composition and grain yield. The experiment was conducted in Uberlândia - MG, during the second season of 2016. The experiment design was a randomized complete block with six replications and six treatments, representing combinations of fungicides belonging to carboxamide, strobilurin, triazole, and dithiocarbamate chemical groups, and the check treatment (without fungicides). The assessed traits were leaf green area, wet and dry stalk density, stalk breaking strength and height, stalk lignin and cellulose percentage, stalk dry matter, stalk lignin and cellulose content per hectare and grain yield. Treatments containing fungicides, especially the ones containing carboxamide, resulted in higher leaf green area and stalk density. Application of fungicides also increased stalk breaking strength and height; however, no effect was observed on stalk lignin and cellulose percentage. Grain yield, stalk dry matter production, and stalk lignin and cellulose contents per hectare were enhanced by fungicide application, with higher improvements in plants treated with carboxamide. Application of fungicides, mainly when combined with carboxamides, promotes higher maintenance of leaf green area, which leads to improved stalk integrity, higher grain yield, and higher straw production.

Development and validation of a standard area diagram set to assess corn grey leaf spot severity and foliar fungicide control efficacy

“…Silva et al. (2018) reported excellent performance of products combined with carboxamides in controlling diseases in corn in the field, including GLS, in addition to providing greater leaf area maintenance and greater yield. Recently, new fungicide formulations containing this second generation of carboxamides have been labelled and introduced for the management of corn foliar diseases in Brazil because they are considered medium risk for the emergence of fungicide resistance (Custódio et al., 2019, 2020).…”

“…control in corn. The difference in control between fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + mefentrifluconazole (T6) and the other treatments can be explained because it is a triple mixture of active ingredients (carboxamide + strobilurin + triazole)(Custódio et al, 2020), combining the curative action of DMIs and preventive of QoIs and SDHIs (succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor)(FRAC, 2018).The treatments azoxystrobin + propiconazole + pydiflumetofen (T4), fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (T5) and fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin + mefentrifluconazole (T6) stood out in terms of control efficacy, and all these mixtures have an active ingredient from the carboxamide group Silva et al (2018). reported excellent performance of products combined with carboxamides in controlling diseases in corn in the field, including GLS, in addition to providing greater leaf area maintenance and greater yield.…”

Accumulation Rule of Sugar Content in Corn Stalk

“…Dataset description: 100 corn-stalk data were taken from [ 27 ] for this experimental analysis. Grain yield, phenol, and fiber content each hectare, plant dry in the stalks, percent of lignin and cellulose in the pseudo-stem, break the power of the stalk, and length were also measured.…”

Aplicações de fungicidas em estádios fenológicos do milho para controle de podridão da base do colmo e seus efeitos em variáveis agronômicas

“…Dentre os grupos químicos de fungicidas mais utilizados na cultura do milho, destacamse os triazóis e as estrobilurinas e, nos últimos anos, o grupo químico carboxamidas foi lançado no mercado brasileiro para uso em milho (SILVA et al, 2018).…”

“…Alguns trabalhos relataram que a aplicação de fungicidas do grupo carboxamidas na cultura do milho, resultou em diferença (10,7% mais grosso, com aplicação) no diâmetro do colmo (OLIBONI, 2020) e, também na maior integridade do mesmo (SILVA et al, 2018). Rosa et al (2017) relataram que o milho submetido a aplicação do fungicida nos estádios fenológicos V8, VT e R1, apresentaram produtividade média 18%, 30% e 21% superior à testemunha, nos três respectivos estádios.…”