Structural health assessment of a historical building by using in situ stress wave NDT: a case study in Iran

Abstract

Background: Many historical buildings in Iran need to be protected. In many of these buildings, wood is used as a structural element in features such as beam, pile, roof and floor systems. For this purpose, the architectural features of a historical building located in Gorgan (Northern part of Iran) and characterisation of faults, in addition to identification of wood species were conducted. Stress wave nondestructive testing (NDT) was used and wave speed (WS) was measured in tested members to evaluate the decay situation of major wooden beams of building frames and roof truss. After obtaining data related to WS, time of wave transition (TWT) was calculated and compared with control time. Structural elements were characterized in comparison with control time and classified according to decay severity. Results:The results showed that local hardwood species were used for construction of this building. Furthermore, in some parts of the building, there were severely defected structures, thus highlighting the importance of safety. Moreover, WS strongly depended on the types of faults. Conclusion:Due to high relative humidity of climate, wood structures are exposed to faults in the northern region of Iran. However, their general appearance is adequate and acceptable. For better decision making, the TWT should be accompanied by more investigation into the types of defects.

Salud estructural en edificaciones utilizando tecnología BIM: Revisión literaria

“…Algunas partes de la estructura son afectadas por la humedad, fallas y descomposiciones provenientes de las cargas extensas que llegan a la desolación en las áreas donde existe nudos y grietas (Madhoushi, Ebrahimi, & Omidvar, 2021). En los edificios también existe elasticidad no lineal donde se puede observar deformaciones, grietas, dislocaciones en la estructura, lo cual una de las formas ideales para realizar el monitoreo de la salud estructural en los edificios en su evolución es predecir el daño en el transcurso de los años y así tomar decisiones para la prevención (Astorga, Guéguen, & Kashima, 2017), las estructuras no lineales en edificios sobre SHM en tiempo real usan dinámica rápida y técnica de algoritmos que determine los valores de la rigidez y el amortiguamiento del modelo no lineal de 2.59% y el suelo del terreno en 2.76% dentro del tiempo establecido, el SHM brinda un buen potencial con respeto al servicio de la estructura y la seguridad (Nayyerloo, Geoffrey Chase, & Mohammad Rabiepour, 2020).…”

Optimizing Sensor Positions in the Stress Wave Tomography of Internal Defects in Hardwood

“…Internal defects such as knots, hollows, and decay can reduce the utilization rate of logs and harm the health of trees and wooden buildings [1,2]. These defects are difficult to detect because they are located inside the wood, so it is important to conduct nondestructive or semi-destructive testing and the imaging of internal defects in the wood [3,4].…”

Species and deterioration of woods used in a traditional Turkish house

“…The primary factors influencing weathering are solar radiation and water (Hon and Shiraishi 2001;Teacà et al 2013), although temperature, dust particles, acid rain, and air flow also contribute to surface degradation (William 2005;Reinprecht 2008). Various research studies have been conducted globally on the biotic and abiotic degradation of historical wooden buildings (Matsuo et al 2009;Irbe et al 2012;Macchioni et al 2012;Palanti et al 2012;Piotrowska et al 2014;Diodato et al 2015;Pizzo et al 2016;Madhoushi et al 2021;Wang et al 2021;Yang et al 2023;Mi et al 2023;Dong et al 2023). However, despite the widespread prevalence of historical wooden architecture in Türkiye, the quantity of such studies is still limited.…”