Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Microorganisms Isolated in the Brazilian Pampa Biome

Abstract

One hundred fifty fungal strains were isolated from the Pampa biome for production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Microbial oil was produced by submerged cultivation at 120 rpm, 28 °C for 7 days. Seven strains showed the best results for lipids accumulation, and they were selected in order to evaluate the influence of the temperature (15 and 28 °C) on the lipid production and profile. The fungus Nigrospora sp. produced the highest lipid level: at 28 °C were produced 11.28% of lipids and 51.94% of PUFA and at 15 ºC were produced 6.02% of lipids and 42.39% of PUFA. Plackett Burman design was performed to investigate the main effects of the temperature (15-25 °C), pH (4.0-6.0), agitation (120-200 rpm), corn steep liquor (5-15% (v/v)) and sucrose concentrations (60-180 g L-1). The highest PUFA production (55.75%) was observed at the lowest temperatures (15 °C), whereas the maximum lipid production was 5.54% at 25 °C.

Screening of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Nigrospora sphaerica Associated with the Invasive Weed Cenchrus ciliaris Reveals Two New Structurally Related Compounds

“…As great lipid-producing microorganisms, fungi from the genus Nigrospora are known as oleaginous fungi [ 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Generally speaking, fatty acids are produced by a variety of fungi because they are important components in terms of structure, membrane constitution, and energy storage [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Eco-friendly production of nutraceutical and cosmeceutical fatty acids by oleaginous fungus Lichtheimia hyalospora UCP 1266 using renewable substrates

“…Microorganisms also produced essential fatty acids, such as linoleic acids (18.34 -52.36%) and α-linolenic acids (1.06 -7.70%) (Tonato, et al, 2018). Fungi belonging Mucorales order have attracted considerable interest as industrial lipid producers as alternative source of biodiesel and good sources of high value omega-3 and omega-6 long-chain PUFAs.…”

“…According to the results obtained the fatty acid predominant were the oleic acid (C18:1, ω-9) with 45.31%, followed by αlinolenic acid (C18:3, ω-3) with 17.9% and γ-linolenic acid (C18:3, ω-6) with 0.24% (Table 3). In the study of Tonato, et al (2018), the filamentous fungi Nigrospora sp. produced up to 12.85% of α-linolenic acid, but it had low total lipids in its biomass.…”

The Potential of Single-Cell Oils Derived From Filamentous Fungi as Alternative Feedstock Sources for Biodiesel Production

“…Mucor circinelloides was the first species used for the industrial production of γ-linolenic acid (GLA)-rich oil, a precursor for several biologically active compounds ( Somashekar et al, 2003 ; Ratledge, 2013 ). Over the years, several other oleaginous filamentous fungi have been identified from different sources, including soil, herbaceous plants and animal feeds ( Liu et al, 2010 ; Dey et al, 2011 ; Banu et al, 2017 ; Muniraj et al, 2017 ; Tonato et al, 2018 ). Particular interest has been placed on Mucoromycetes (formerly Zygomycetes) and Ascomycota species, such as Aspergillus niger, Cunninghamella echinulata , Thermomyces lanuginosus (formerly Humicola lanuginosa ), Umbelopsis isabellina (formerly Mortierella isabellina ), and Umbelopsis vinacea (formerly Mortierella vinacea ), because of their high lipid accumulation ( Papanikolaou et al, 2004 ; Fakas et al, 2008 , 2009 ; Meng et al, 2009 ).…”