Influence of the Applied Organic Load (Olr) on Textile Wastewater Treatment Using Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors (Sambr) in the Presence of Redox Mediator and Powdered Activated Carbon (Pac)

Abstract

-This paper evaluated the treatment of textile wastewater in submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (SAMBR) operated on a bench scale. Particularly, the influence of operational conditions, such as the applied organic rate (OLR) and the dilution factor (for toxicity attenuation) of the textile wastewater, was evaluated on color and organic matter removal. In addition, the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on SAMBR-1 and the addition of yeast extract (source of the redox mediator riboflavin) were also investigated. The results showed that reducing the textile wastewater dilution factor from 10× (phase 1) to 4× (phase 2) and 0× (no dilution) decreased the COD and color removal efficiencies in both SAMBRs, probably due to an increase in the toxic load. Nevertheless, PAC adsorbed toxic compounds found in the textile wastewater and helped biomass acclimatization, which led to higher COD and color removal efficiencies in SAMBR-1. The presence of yeast extract enhanced color removal efficiencies 3-fold in both SAMBRs when they were fed with undiluted textile wastewater.

A Performance Comparison of Anaerobic and an Integrated Anaerobic-Aerobic Biological Reactor System for the Effective Treatment of Textile Wastewater

“…e effect of increased concentration of dyes on the treatment efficiency was noted. ese results agreed with the results obtained by Yadav et al [29], and Baeta et al [14], Li et al [30], Lourenco [31], Maas and Chaudhari [32,33] reported a decrease in treatment efficiency by increasing the dye concentration. Chen et al [34] also reported a higher decolorization percentage for removing Alizarin Yellow R (85.7% and 66.8%) at concentrations of 50 mg/L and 200 mg/L of the dye.…”

“…At 400 mg/L, no decolorization was found to occur. Baeta et al [14] reported that the possible reason for treatment inefficiency is an increase in wastewater toxicity and an increase in toxic load, which is caused due to increasing dye concentration. e influent's hardness was 400 mg/L, and this was reduced to 200 mg/L towards the end of the first cycle.…”

“…e use of bioreactors has shown several advantages over physical, chemical, and other biological methods. Numerous bioreactors are available, which can be operated in anaerobic [14], anoxic, and aerobic [15] conditions using an activated sludge process and microaerophilic modes. Different reactors can be designed for specific treatment purposes, and two or more bioreactors may be integrated for efficient treatment of industrial effluents [5,16,17].…”

Metabolization of by-products formed by ozonation of the azo dye Reactive Red 239 in moving-bed biofilm reactors in series

“…In aerobic biological processes, microorganisms require a long adaptation period for degradation of a simple azo dye, whereas in anaerobic processes azo dye degradation is easily accomplished (Firmino et al 2011;Baêta et al 2016;Victral et al 2016). However, the breakdown of the azo bond in anaerobic processes generally forms toxic products such as aromatic amines (Chengalroyen and Dabbs 2013).…”

Enhanced Removal of Organic Pollutants and Reactive Dye in Polyethersulfone Submerged Membrane Bioreactor (PES-SMBR) for Textile Wastewater

“…Similarly, Baêta et alalso reported that the OLR in the MBR reactor has does not affect to removal efficiency of COD. 26 During the entire operation of SMBR at 08.00, 06.00 and 04.00 h HRTs, the OLR was in the range of 0.317-0.699, 0.567-1.213 and 0.913-1.854 kg BOD/m³. d.…”