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-As a 'general principle', good faith forms part of the sources of international law. Still not widely examined in relation to rights and obligations, the aim here is to demonstrate the specific characteristics of the principle. In general, international law rules such as pacta sunt servanda, abuse of rights, estoppel and acquiescence and the negotiation of disputes are grounded, to some extent, in good faith. In treaty law, good faith has various manifestations from the time prior to signature through to interpretation. These are outlined here. The article argues that good faith acts to mediate the effects of States' rights in international law, in order to achieve acceptable results when competing interests exist. Fundamentally, good faith is a limitation of State sovereignty, albeit one that is necessary, as it protects other States and their trust and reliance in international law.
-As a 'general principle', good faith forms part of the sources of international law. Still not widely examined in relation to rights and obligations, the aim here is to demonstrate the specific characteristics of the principle. In general, international law rules such as pacta sunt servanda, abuse of rights, estoppel and acquiescence and the negotiation of disputes are grounded, to some extent, in good faith. In treaty law, good faith has various manifestations from the time prior to signature through to interpretation. These are outlined here. The article argues that good faith acts to mediate the effects of States' rights in international law, in order to achieve acceptable results when competing interests exist. Fundamentally, good faith is a limitation of State sovereignty, albeit one that is necessary, as it protects other States and their trust and reliance in international law.
Investiga-se como a teoria histórico-cultural de Vigotski vem sendo explorada em pesquisas focadas no ensino de ciências na educação básica no Brasil. Realizou-se revisão integrativa dos artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020 na biblioteca SciELO, resultantes da busca por meio da combinação terciária das palavras-chave: “Vigotski”; “Ensino”; “Ciências” e o operador booleano and. Identificou-se o total de 16 artigos, dos quais cinco atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os trabalhos utilizam aportes da teoria histórico-cultural como fundamentação teórico-metodológica, o que contribui para a qualidade crítica e reflexiva da educação em ciências, por meio da abertura à emergência de tensões e contradições em sala de aula, cujas sínteses dialéticas geram conhecimentos qualitativamente novos. Porém, a maioria não explicita desdobramentos de classe, raça, gênero e deficiência na análise semiótica. Esses resultados sinalizam a apropriação parcial da teoria e a importância da inclusão de mediações que considerem as condições de vida dos alunos.
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