Vegetal fibers in polymeric composites: a review

Abstract

RbstractThe need to develop and commercialize materials containing vegetal fibers has grown in order to reduce environmental impact and reach sustainability. Large amounts of lignocellulosic materials are generated around the world from several human activities. The lignocellulosic materials are composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, extractives and ashes. Recently these constituents have been used in different applications; in particular, cellulose has been the subject of numerous works on the development of composite materials reinforced with natural fibers. Many studies have led to composite materials reinforced with fibers to improve the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties. Furthermore, lignocellulosic materials have been treated to apply in innovative solutions for efficient and sustainable systems. This paper aims to review the lignocellulosic fibers characteristics, as well as to present their applications as reinforcement in composites of different polymeric matrices.

Oat fibers modification by reactive extrusion with alkaline hydrogen peroxide

“…Starch, a natural, low-cost polymer from renewable sources, also produces materials with diminished mechanical properties and high moisture sensitivity, even when used in blends with other biodegradable polymers [3][4][5][6][7] . In this context, natural fibers have been studied as a good alternative for reinforcement being mixed with pure biodegradable polymers or their blends to form composites with reduced environmental impact [8] . Fibers of curaua, jute, sisal, sugarcane, and others have been tested for this purpose [4,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] .…”

“…In this context, natural fibers have been studied as a good alternative for reinforcement being mixed with pure biodegradable polymers or their blends to form composites with reduced environmental impact [8] . Fibers of curaua, jute, sisal, sugarcane, and others have been tested for this purpose [4,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] .…”

Compósitos De Polipropileno Reforçado Com Capim-Elefante

“…Provavelmente a estrutura morfológica semi-cristalina e a estrutura química da celulose contribuíram para uma fraca interação química entre as duas fases, sendo necessário a realização de tratamento na fibra para resultar em uma maior interação entre a celulose e a matriz, ou o emprego de um agente de acoplamento (BLEDZKI et al, 1998;GASSAN, 1999;PEREIRA et al, 2015). Resultados semelhantes foram obtidos por Furlan et al (2012) ao avaliarem as propriedades dos compósitos de PP reforçado com casca de aveia.…”

“…O desenvolvimento de compósitos poliméricos envolvendo o emprego de fibras lignocelulósicas como carga de reforço em matrizes poliméricas vem crescendo cada vez mais em resposta à conservação ambiental, tornado mais frequente na indústria de polímeros (CORREA et al, 2003;FURLAN et al, 2012;LIGOWSKI et al, 2015;PEREIRA et al, 2015;ROSÁRIO et al, 2011).…”

“…Além disso, as fibras oferecem inúmeras vantagens, dentre elas: fontes renováveis, baixo custo, baixa densidade, biodegradabilidade e não toxicidade (BLEDZKI et al, 1998;GASSAN, 1999;FURLAN et al, 2012;LIGOWSKI et al, 2015;PEREIRA et al, 2015;ROSÁRIO et al, 2011).…”