Growth regulators and darkness increase efficiency in in vitro culture of immature embryos from peppers

Abstract

Common pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the most important vegetables in the world, and extensive breeding efforts are being made to develop new improved strains of this species. In this regard, in vitro culture of immature embryos may help breeders accelerate breeding cycles and overcome interspecific barriers, among other applications. In this study, we have optimized a protocol for in vitro culture of immature embryos of C. annuum. Levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin have been tested to improve the efficiency (germination rates) of this technique in C. annuum embryos at the four main immature stages (i.e. globular, heart, torpedo, and early cotyledonary) from four varietal types of this species (California Wonder, Piquillo, Guindilla, and Bola). The effect of 5-day initial incubation in the dark was also tested on the most efficient hormone formulation. On average, relatively low levels of both IAA and zeatin

<i>In Vitro</i> Culture of <i>Phalaenopsis amabilis</i> (L.) Blume Orchid for Seedling Production with Banana Extract Supplementation and Light Treatment for <i>Ex Situ</i> Conservation

“…Hasanah et al (2014) reported that banana extract contains 0.00035% IAA (auxin) and 0.00020% cytokinin. Furthermore, the action of auxin and cytokinin was influenced by light, where both hormones were degraded when exposed to light (Manzur et al 2014). This might explain the higher values of plant height and leaf length in medium NP+100 g/l banana extract in the dark than in light conditions.…”