Risk factors associated with stillbirth in sows

Sens, Vamiré Luiz; Rosa, Juliana M.; Fagundes, Deivison Pereira; Peripolli, Vanessa; Ulguim, Rafael da Rosa; Siqueira, Bruna Pereira; Messias, H. da Silva; Bortolozzo, Fernando Pandolfo; Bianchi, Ivan

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20220080

Cienc. Rural

2023

DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20220080

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Risk factors associated with stillbirth in sows

Vamiré Luiz Sens

Juliana M. Rosa

Deivison Pereira Fagundes

et al.

Abstract: In this study, the risk factors associated with stillbirth in sows were identified and their odds ratio assessed. For this purpose, 587 farrowings on Farm A and 929 on Farm B were monitored, and the sow parity, body condition score, farrowing duration, total number of piglets born, numbers of live births, stillbirths, and mummified piglets, obstetric interventions, and piglet sex and weight were recorded. At the end of farrowing, piglets classified as stillborn were necropsied to confirm the diagnosis. Consequ… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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Optimal protein concentration in diets for sows during the transition period

Johannsen,

Sørensen,

Theil

et al. 2024

Journal of Animal Science

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The aim of present study was to determine the optimal concentration of dietary protein required in transition diets for multiparous sows that enhance the farrowing process, colostrum production, and subsequent lactation performance. Forty-eight multiparous sows were allotted to one of six dietary treatments according to bodyweight (290 ± 3 kg) and parity (3.8 ± 0.2) from d 108 of gestation until 24 h after the onset of farrowing. The diets were isoenergetic and contained increasing concentrations of dietary protein (expressed as standardized ileal digestible [SID] Lys) and were supplied at a daily feed supply of 3.8 kg. On d 108 of gestation and d 2, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of lactation, body weight and back fat depth were recorded, and blood was sampled on d 108 of gestation, at the onset of farrowing and d 3, 10, 17 and 24 of lactation from the sows for analysis of plasma metabolites. On d 115 of gestation, urine and feces were collected for nitrogen (N) balance. The number of liveborn and stillborn piglets and time of birth were recorded and blood from every fourth piglet was sampled at birth for blood gas analysis. Piglets were weighed individually from birth until weaning, to estimate the colostrum and milk yield of the sows. Colostrum and milk samples were collected, and their compositions were determined. On d 3 and 28 of lactation, sows were injected with deuterium oxide to estimate body composition. The N utilization was maximized when the concentration of SID Lys in the transition diet was 6.06 g/kg (P < 0.01). When urinary concentrations of urea were expressed relative to creatinine, the relative concentration of urea remained low until a dietary concentration of 6.08 g SID Lys/kg, above which the relative concentration of urea increased (P < 0.01). Stillbirth rate increased linearly with increasing SID Lys concentration in the transition diet (P < 0.001), thus the concentration of SID Lys should be kept as low as possible without impairing sow performance excessively. A carry-over effect on milk yield was observed, showing that a dietary SID Lys concentration of 5.79 g/kg during transition optimized milk production at an average yield of 13.5 kg/d (P = 0.04). Increasing loss of body fat in lactation was observed with increasing SID Lys concentration in the transition diet (P = 0.03). In conclusion, the transition diet of multiparous sows should contain 5.79 g SID Lys/kg when fed 3.8 kg/d (13.0 MJ ME/kg), for a total SID Lys intake of 22 g/d.

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Optimal protein concentration in diets for sows during the transition period

Johannsen,

Sørensen,

Theil

et al. 2024

Journal of Animal Science

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Risk factors associated with stillbirth of piglets in Ukrainian Meat breed sows

Kramarenko,

Luhovyi,

Karatieieva

et al. 2023

Scientific Horizons

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Stillbirths often result in significant piglet losses shortly before or during the farrowing process. This issue leads to a high level of stillbirths, causing substantial losses in the swine industry and requiring immediate attention. The purpose of this study is to evaluate farrowing order, the total number of piglets born, the year and season of farrowing, the breed of the boar, and the average piglet weight in the litter at birth as risk factors for stillbirths in sows of the Ukrainian Meat breed. Experimental data obtained from 262 sows of the Ukrainian Meat breed in the main herd of LLC “Tavriyski Svyni” (Skadovsk district, Kherson region, Ukraine) were used for the study. The proportion of litters containing at least one stillborn piglet, the number and proportion of stillborn piglets in the litter were investigated over 11 years. At least one stillborn piglet was observed in 56.9% of litters, with an average number and proportion of stillborn piglets in the litter of 1.2 and 10.5%, respectively. The results indicate a highly significant impact of the farrowing year on the proportion of litters containing at least one stillborn piglet, the number, and proportion of stillborn piglets in the litter (in all cases: P<0.001). There was a decrease in estimates of stillbirths during 2007-2013, with a gradual increase until 2017. The farrowing season had a certain (P<0.05) influence on estimates of stillbirth rates, since the proportion of stillbirth piglets in litters born in summer was 9.5%, and in litters born in autumn – 12.0%. The proportion of stillborn piglets in litters sired by Duroc boars (15.0%) was significantly higher (P<0.001) than in litters sired by Ukrainian Meat breed, Large White, or Landrace boars (10.1-10.0%). From the first to the 10th farrowing, stillbirth rates gradually increased (in all cases: P<0.001). The number and proportion of stillborn piglets in the litter tended to increase among sows with larger litter sizes at birth (in both cases: P<0.001). Binary logistic regression results suggested that the probability of having at least one stillborn piglet in the litter was significantly associated with the average live weight of piglets at birth

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Risk factors associated with stillbirth in sows

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Optimal protein concentration in diets for sows during the transition period

Optimal protein concentration in diets for sows during the transition period

Risk factors associated with stillbirth of piglets in Ukrainian Meat breed sows

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