Hill drop sowing of soybean with different number of plants per hole

Abstract

In the last few cropping seasons, some soybean producers have tested the application of a hill drop sowing method, usually from three to four seeds every 30 to 40cm. However, there is a lack of information in the literature about the effect of this practice on soybean performance. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a hill drop sowing with different number of plants per hole on soybean performance. The study was conducted in Londrina -PR, Brazil, during the 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2016 cropping seasons. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with four replications and a 2x5 factorial scheme. The first factor consisted of two soybean cultivars, BRS 359RR and NK 7059RR analyzed in the first two cropping seasons and BRS 359RR and BRS 1010IPRO in the last cropping season. The second factor was constituted by five in-hill hole-spacing treatments (HS) (8, 16, 24, 32 and 40cm), with rows spaced 50cm apart. To maintain the same plant density in all treatments (270,000 plants ha -1 ), sowing was performed manually, being then thinned out. After thinning, the distribution was one plant per hole at HS8, 2 plants at HS16, 3 plants at HS24, 4 plants at HS32, and 5 plants at HS40. The agronomic performance of soybean in hill drop sowing with different number of plants per hole is similar to that of an equidistant distribution of plants. Key words: Glycine max L., spatial plant arrangement, spatial uniformity of plant distribution.RESUMO: Nas últimas safras, alguns produtores de soja vêm testando a semeadura agrupada de plantas na linha de semeadura, em geral de três a quatro sementes a cada 30 a 40cm. No entanto, há carência de informações na literatura sobre o efeito dessa prática no desempenho da cultura da soja. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico da soja em diferentes números de plantas por cova. O trabalho foi conduzido em Londrina, PR, nas safras 2013/14, 2014/15 e 2016. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições e esquema fatorial 2x5. O primeiro fator foi constituído por duas cultivares de soja (BRS 359RR e NK 7059RR nas duas primeiras safras e BRS 359RR e BRS 1010IPRO na última safra) e o segundo por cinco espaçamentos entre plantas (EP) nas linhas de semeadura (8, 16, 24, 32 e 40cm), sendo utilizado o espaçamento de 50cm entre linhas. Para manter a mesma densidade de plantas em todos os tratamentos (270.000 plantas ha -1 ), a semeadura foi realizada manualmente. Após o desbaste, a distribuição foi de uma planta por cova em EP8, duas plantas em EP16, três plantas em EP24, quatro plantas em EP32, cinco plantas em EP40. O desempenho agronômico da cultura da soja semeada com diferentes quantidades de plantas por cova é similar à distribuição equidistante de indivíduos na linha. Palavras-chave: Glycine max L., arranjo espacial de plantas, uniformidade espacial de distribuição de plantas. CROP PRODUCTION

Water availability for high yield of soybean cultivars

“…The factors tested did not affect grain yield (GY), which had a significant effect only on cultivars. This result may have occurred due to the high phenotypic plasticity of Brazilian soybean cultivars (Santos et al, 2018), which, associated with small deficits in the two years, did not provide significant water depths x cultivars interaction.…”

Semeadura de soja com disco dosador agrupado pneumático sob diferentes velocidades operacionais

“…The few published researches differ on the viability of the grouped arrangement with regard to grain yield. Works already published such as Serraglio and Simonetti (2017); Balbinot Junior et al ( 2018) and Santos et al (2018) state that there are no advantages in using this arrangement.…”

“…The technique consists of the longitudinal distribution of groups of seeds in the furrow together, with the possibility of varying the number of seeds per group and the distance between the groups. One of the ways of grouping plants described by Santos et al (2018) is the linear increase in the spacing between seeds for each seed added to the group, that is, the distance between groups depends on the number of seeds present in each group.…”

Hole spacing in soybean hill drop sowing1

“…Seeking improvements in cultural practices and soybean yield gains some seedling disc manufacturers and farmers have tested the soybean seeds distribution in a grouped arrange, usually three to four seeds every 30 to 40 cm (Santos et al, 2018). According to Serraglio & Simonetti (2017) grouped sowing emerges as an alternative to improve sunlight use, as it gives more space to plants, including the lower leaves, which are ineffective in the conventional spatial arrangements.…”