Botulism in non-ruminants in Brazil

Júnior, Carlos Augusto de Oliveira; Silva, Rodrigo; Olinda, Robério Gomes; Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20160394

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Earlier studies revealed that carrions were a potential source of infection to companion animals as they have frequent access to it. Botulinum was often considered the strongest microbial toxin as it even resists proteolytic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract [5] . This toxin once absorbed will block the release of acetylcholine from presynaptic vesicles and thus the impulse conduction through the synapse and muscular contraction will be hindered leading to flaccid paralysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most commonly exposure of animals to these toxins occurs by ingestion of preformed toxins in food (Carrion ingestion). In addition, wound botulism and intestinal botulism can also occur in which organism multiply and secrete toxins in wounds and intestines, respectively [5] . In a study [7] about 40% of the neuromuscular disorders in dogs were recorded to be affected by botulism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Botulism in dogs: A clinical case study

Jeyaraja¹,

Saikrishna²,

Kumar³

et al. 2021

J. Entomol. Zool. Stud.

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Botulism is a rare and fatal disease of humans and animals caused by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum that produces the botulinum toxin responsible for flaccid paralysis. The present case study discusses about the clinical signs, diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic outcome of carrion associated botulism in dogs. A total of eight dogs were presented with signs of dysphagia, regurgitation, incoordination in gait and recumbency in some cases after feeding with poultry abattoir waste. Radiographic findings revealed megaesophagus with ingested bone pieces in stomach of five dogs. Based on the clinical signs, anamnestic data, and radiographic findings the cases were tentatively diagnosed as carrion botulism and was successfully managed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulism in dogs: A clinical case study

Jeyaraja¹,

Saikrishna²,

Kumar³

et al. 2021

J. Entomol. Zool. Stud.

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“…In Brazil few studies reported outbreaks of botulism in wild birds and when happened, there described in the South of the country in zoo conditions (Schonhofen & Ferreira 1981, Cubas 1996, Raymundo et al 2012 or in establishment with domestic or wild captivity birds (Oliveira Junior et al 2016). However, in wild birds under natural conditions, to our knowledge, there is no report in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

First record of mass wild waterfowl mortality due to Clostridium botulinum in Brazilian semiarid

Lima

Dutra

Araújo

et al. 2020

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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In 2008, 270 wild birds from aquatic environments were found dead or debilitated on the banks of smaller lakes that had been formed due to the decrease in the level of the holding lake of the Sobradinho Dam located on the São Francisco River in the Caatinga of Bahia, Brazil. The outbreak occurred months after the dam's partial drainage, with the formation of puddles that accumulated decomposing organic material. Amongst the 270 individuals examined and/or found dead, the majority (50%) of the birds found belonged to the Anatidae family. The debilitated birds presented neurological clinical signs including lack of motor coordination, weakness, grave flaccid paralysis in the legs, wings, neck and eyelids, diarrhea, and dyspnea. Tissue samples of the birds were collected, as were water samples and samples of the substrate of the lakes. Zoonotic arboviroses or heavy metals were not detected. Analyses of liver and digestive tract content samples through bioassay and serum neutralization in mice revealed the presence of type C botulinic toxin in the viscerae samples, and type D in sediment samples. According to our knowledge, this is the first record of an outbreak of botulism in wild birds in natural conditions in Brazil.

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“…In Europe, botulism has become a disease of interest due to its emergence in the commercial chicken sector in both egg and meat production [32]. Birds are typically exposed to BoNT through the ingestion of invertebrates, after which BoNT levels in the blood reach levels that induce the signs of paralysis [32] In Brazil the disease is widespread in cattle [33]. Dogs can become affected through eating rotten food or infected carcases [34].…”

Section: Botulism: Types and Medical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxins—A Review

Hobbs

Thomas

Halliwell

et al. 2019

Toxins

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A toxin is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms. One of the most potent groups of toxins currently known are the Botulinum Neurotoxins (BoNTs). These are so deadly that as little as 62 ng could kill an average human; to put this into context that is approximately 200,000 × less than the weight of a grain of sand. The extreme toxicity of BoNTs leads to the need for methods of determining their concentration at very low levels of sensitivity. Currently the mouse bioassay is the most widely used detection method monitoring the activity of the toxin; however, this assay is not only lengthy, it also has both cost and ethical issues due to the use of live animals. This review focuses on detection methods both existing and emerging that remove the need for the use of animals and will look at three areas; speed of detection, sensitivity of detection and finally cost. The assays will have wide reaching interest, ranging from the pharmaceutical/clinical industry for production quality management or as a point of care sensor in suspected cases of botulism, the food industry as a quality control measure, to the military, detecting BoNT that has been potentially used as a bio warfare agent.

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Botulism in non-ruminants in Brazil

Abstract: Botulism is an intoxication caused by the ingestion of neurotoxins secreted by

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Botulism in dogs: A clinical case study

Botulism in dogs: A clinical case study

First record of mass wild waterfowl mortality due to Clostridium botulinum in Brazilian semiarid

Rapid Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxins—A Review

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