Beef heifers grazing behavior and herbage intake in natural grassland under rotational grazing

Barbieri, Cezar Wankura; Quadros, Fernando Luíz Ferreira de; Jochims, Felipe; Kuinchtner, Bruno Castro; Carvalho, Thiago Henrique Nicola de; Casanova, Pedro Trindade; Fernandes, Augusto Miranda; Pereira, João Bento

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20141227

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…According to Carvalho and Moraes (2005), in swards with non-limiting herbage allowance, animals present a higher number of meals promptly filling their rumen in less time. Our results confirm this assertion; the meal duration (min per meal) was shorter than results previously found by other authors working with a similar grassland composition (Barbieri et al, 2015;Mezzalira et al, 2012). These authors found an average of 118 minutes in similar herbage allowance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The bites rate, feeding time (feeds per min), and steps between feed stations were similar to results reported by Barbieri et al (2015), that found on average 35, 6.0 and 2.9 respectively. The average sward conditions that promoted a high daily forage intake, as well as an increased nutrient intake rate, by cattle grazing natural grassland of the Pampa Biome occurred around 12.1% BW of forage allowance, characterized by biomass between 1 820 and 2 280 kg DM ha -1 and between 11.5 and 13.4 cm of height, with tussock levels that did not exceed 30% (Da Trindade et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…These authors found an average of 118 minutes in similar herbage allowance. Meal frequency (meals per day) was similar to the results from Barbieri et al (2015) in the same site under rotational grazing and higher than Mezzalira et al (2012) under continuous grazing with 12% of herbage allowance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Does Rotational Grazing Based on Leaf Expansion Duration Modify Grazing Behavior and Feed Intake of Beef Heifers on Natural Grassland?

Kuinchtner¹,

Quadros²,

Taschetto³

et al. 2021

JAS

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Grasslands develop a multifunctional role to humanity, with unique fauna and flora, besides being the primary feed source for herbivores. However, grasslands are usually considered a low-efficiency production system, often converted into other land uses such as crops and forestation (e.g., south Brazil). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two rest intervals between grazing occupations in rotational grazing on the grazing behavior and feed intake of beef heifers. Two grazing intervals, 375 and 750 DD (degree-days) were used; based on the cumulative thermal sum necessary for the leaf expansion of native grasses of two functional groups. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized block design, with two treatments, three replications, and repeated measures over time. The grazing behavior was evaluated continuously for 18 hours (7 a.m. to 11h59 p.m.). Herbage intake was estimated using an external marker (Cr2O3) in four periods (one for each season). The green leaf mass was similar between treatments, with a mean of 40% of the pregrazing mass (kg DM ha-1). On average grazing, time was 50% of the period, and the bite rate was 38.7 bites min-1. The number of daily meals was 6.5, with an average of 84 minutes for each meal. The number of feeding times (feeding stations by minute) visited was 6.4. On average, there was a 2.23% difference in dry matter intake (% BW) among seasons. Neither ingestive behavior or forage consumption of heifers was affected by the treatments, both maintain similar chemical composition on natural grassland.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Does Rotational Grazing Based on Leaf Expansion Duration Modify Grazing Behavior and Feed Intake of Beef Heifers on Natural Grassland?

Kuinchtner¹,

Quadros²,

Taschetto³

et al. 2021

JAS

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“…Mean stocking rate was two-fold higher in the present study compared to values reported by FONTOURA JÚNIOR et al (2007);NEVES et al (2009);SOARES et al (2005), and similar to cool season annual pastures (POTTER et al, 2010). Similar stocking rate were achieved by QUADROS et al (2011) andBARBIERI et al (2015) using the same experimental protocol. Therefore, stocking rate of the present study could be regarded as high and could be attributed to high leaf mass, herbage mass and leaf allowance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Pre-grazing herbage mass was similar among the treatments, unlike data from QUADROS et al (2011) andBARBIERI et al (2015). These authors reported significant differences in the pre-grazing herbage mass amongst treatments using a similar protocol (same thermal accumulation rest intervals) to the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Performance and feed intake of beef heifers on rotational grazing of natural grassland receiving protein and energy supplement in cool season

et al. 2018

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance and feed intake of grazing beef heifers on two grazing intervals determined by thermal sum related to leaf elongation duration during cool season on natural grasslands. A complete randomized block design experiment with two treatments and three replications was conducted from May to September 2011 in the central part of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The treatments were two thermal sums calculated at 375 and 750 degrees-days (DD) to determine the intervals between grazing periods in a rotational grazing system. Thirty six beef heifers with average age of 18 months old and (initial body weight = 220±14kg) were used, all heifers received ground corn supplement at a rate of 5g kg-1 of body weight per day, at 2p.m., throughout the experiment and had free access to mineral and protein supplementation (450g kg-1 of CP). Similar average daily gain (ADG), beef production gain (BPG) and feed intake (FI), were obtained in both treatments. Leaf elongation duration is an alternative grazing management tool for improved animal production and to increase animal stocking rate.

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Ingestive behaviour of grazing ruminants: meta-analysis of the components linking bite mass to daily intake

Boval

Sauvant

2019

Preprint

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15This meta-analysis shed light on the quantitative adaptive responses of feeding 16 behaviour of Cattle (C) and Small Ruminants (SR), facing variations of sward 17 characteristics, notably of sward height (SH, 18. 7  13.9 cm) and herbage bulk density 18 (HBD, 1.73  1.30 kg DM / m 3 ). All responses expressed a plateau stressing an 19 adaptive limit with extreme values of SH and HBD. The minimum plateau of BR (46.9 20  14.6 min-1) is around 40 min-1, while IR values (different for C and SR , respectively 21 69.1  38.1 vs. 99.9  45.7 g/min/kg BW) ranged between a minimum and maximum 22 plateau around 50 and 100 g/min/kg BW. Two other pasture management factors affect 23 IR, namely forage allowance (10.16  6.0, DM % BW) and daily proportion of time 24 spent grazing (0.30  0.08). The results obtained confirm the specifically key role of 25 2 BM (1.80  127 mg DM/kg BW) on IR. The regressions are IR=145 (1-exp (-b BM), b 26 being equal respectively for C and SR and C to 0.44 vs. 0.54. This literature review 27has also revealed fundamental differences in behaviour between C and SR although 28 no study to date has attempted to compare them simultaneously. SR have to chew 29 more (2.7  1.2 vs. 1.6  0.5 JM/bite) to ingest the same amount of DM per bite than 30 C, expressed in relation to BW, which allow them to ingest slightly quickly. 31 32 Keywords (5): Intake rate, Bite Rate, Sward height, Herbage bulk density 33 34 Implications 35 This article, following the previous one of Boval and Sauvant (2019), proposes a 36 quantitative appraisal of the ingestive behaviour of grazing ruminants, based on 37 studies published over 40 years, as well as well robust average values and 38 relationships, considering inter-and intra-study effects and animal species 39 specificities. This knowledge should contribute to a better overall understanding of the 40 behavioural adaptation of ruminants at pasture, to the identification of key threshold 41 values and appropriate parameters of interest to be considered, and to improve the 42 efficiency and sensitivity of automatic devices, which are booming in the context of 43 precision livestock farming at pasture. 44 45 48feeding context. Ingestive behaviour determines the nutrient supply to ruminants and 49 thus has a significant impact on performance and feed efficiency, which are essential 50 3 for increasing the profitability of livestock (Llonch et al., 2018; Shalloo et al., 2018). 51 Moreover, a ruminant's robustness partly comes from its ability to adapt IB to the 52 diversity of resources to be grazed. In addition, chewing behaviour provides 53 information about digestive comfort and indicators of appetite, gut health and welfare. 54 Numerous studies have focused on the IB of grazing ruminants. However, beyond the 55 problems linked with the diversity of the methodologies applied, the items measured 56 are very heterogeneous across publications. Likely for this reason, no synthetic 57 statistical interpretation of published IB data for ruminant grazing has been ...

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Beef heifers grazing behavior and herbage intake in natural grassland under rotational grazing

Abstract: It was evaluated the effect of two rest intervals between grazing occupations in rotational grazing

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Does Rotational Grazing Based on Leaf Expansion Duration Modify Grazing Behavior and Feed Intake of Beef Heifers on Natural Grassland?

Does Rotational Grazing Based on Leaf Expansion Duration Modify Grazing Behavior and Feed Intake of Beef Heifers on Natural Grassland?

Performance and feed intake of beef heifers on rotational grazing of natural grassland receiving protein and energy supplement in cool season

Ingestive behaviour of grazing ruminants: meta-analysis of the components linking bite mass to daily intake

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