Clostridium perfringens: a review of the disease in pigs, horses and broiler chickens

Silva, Rodrigo; Oliveira, Carlos Augusto de; Guedes, Roberto Maurício Carvalho; Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20140927

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…A clostridial ‘syndrome’ in suckling and weaner pigs, with risk factors of high injectable ceftiofur use and poor hygiene, presented an opportunity to engage in management change to improve pig health and cease/reduce ceftiofur use on four farms. Diagnosis of clostridial disease was greatly improved by use of a multiplex ELISA test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change management reduces antibiotic use on pig farms

McKenzie¹,

Carter²

2019

Aust Veterinary J

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A clostridial ‘syndrome’ in suckling and weaner pigs, with risk factors of high injectable ceftiofur use and poor hygiene, presented an opportunity to engage in management change to improve pig health and reduce ceftiofur use on four farms. Management changes included all‐in‐all‐out pig flow, batch disinfection with biofilm control, reduced protein starter diets, appropriate stocking density and the use of an anti‐clostridial probiotic. Assessment of the program was obtained from a questionnaire. The health and production changes were positive across all farms and were associated with reduced use of antibiotics, together with cost and labour savings. Provided there is a good relationship between a committed, competent veterinarian, and a committed, competent manager, change management programs can be successfully implemented over 6–12 months.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change management reduces antibiotic use on pig farms

McKenzie¹,

Carter²

2019

Aust Veterinary J

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“…Also, Upadhaya et al [ 6 ] reported that inclusion of 0.1% organic acid mixture (10% malic, 13% citric, and 17% fumaric acids) in the diet of growing and finishing pigs had decreased E. coli counts. C. perfringens is a gram-positive, anaerobic, and spore-forming bacillus that may produce major toxin microbiota in animals and humans [ 30 ]. Such toxic C. perfringens residents were significantly reduced in pigs fed FMP supplementation during both phases (d 21 and d42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sows fed with synergistic blend of short- and medium chain organic acid has a carryover effect on post-weaning growth rate

Sampath¹,

Park²,

Pineda³

et al. 2022

J Anim Sci Technol

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This study investigated the effect of a synergistic blend of free and buffered organic acid (FMP) on the performance of piglets born to sows supplemented with a blend of short- and medium-chain organic acids (SGG) during the late gestation and lactation period. A total of 150 multiparous sows (n = 50/treatment, Landrace × Yorkshire) were blocked (2.4 parity) and assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: CON - corn-soybean meal-based basal diet, SGG-Low − CON+ 1.5 kg/ton SGG, and SGG-High − CON + 3kg/ton SGG. During weaning, 600 piglets (6.72 ± 0.5kg) which weaned from sows supplemented with 3 levels of SGG were allocated to 2 weaner diets (Control and FMP - 3kg/ton) following 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Supplemental effects on performance were measured at d0–d21 and d 21–42, and the entire period. Pigs fed with FMP and born to sows supplemented with SGG-High gained more weight and ate more ( p < 0.05) compared with those in the CON group in both phases, and with SGG-Low in the second phase. Over the entire post-weaning period, piglets born to sows supplemented with SGG-Low and SGG-High had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and body weight (BW) ( p < 0.05). Regardless of sow treatment, pigs fed with an FMP diet had higher ADG ( p < 0.001), BW ( p = 0.045), and a lower feed conversion ratio ( p = 0.033). Also, feeding FMP diets reduced the fecal Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens counts at d42. The current study indicates that sows fed SGG supplement had a positive carry-over effect on the post-weaning growth rate, and FMP supplement enhances the growth performance and reduced the number of C. perfringens and E. coli . Thus, the application of 3 kg/ton of SGG in sows’ diet and subsequent feeding of piglets with FMP would be an effective strategy to improve growth rate and reduce pathogenic bacteria in post-weaned piglets.

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“…Generally, spore-forming Clostridium strains are recognized as the primary cause of diarrhea in neonatal and weaned piglets [ 49 ]. Previous studies reported that the spores and toxins from C. difficile and C. perfringens originated during the lactation period induced high rates of diarrhea and mortality after weaning [ 49 , 50 , 51 ]. Moreover, Terrisporobacter produces the urinary toxin, such as trimethylamine- N -oxide, which is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in the gut of weaned pigs [ 52 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Glutamic Acid Modulates Immune Responses and Gut Health of Weaned Pigs

Kyoung

Lee

Cho

et al. 2021

Animals

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Dietary glutamic acid (GLU) is used as a feed additive because of its functional characteristics that may affect the growth performance and health of pigs. This study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary GLU on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune responses, and intestinal health of weaned pigs. A total of ninety-six weaned pigs (8.07 ± 1.17 kg of body weight; 28 days of age) were assigned to two dietary treatments (8 pigs/pen; 6 replicates/treatment) in a randomized complete block design (block: body weight): 1) a typical weaner diet (CON) and 2) CON supplemented with 0.5% GLU. The experimental period was for 4 weeks. All data and sample collections were performed at the specific time points during the experimental period. Pigs fed GLU had higher average daily gain and average daily feed intake for the first two weeks and nutrient digestibility than pigs fed CON. In addition, dietary GLU increased villus height to crypt depth ratio, number of goblet cells, and ileal gene expression of claudin family and occludin compared with CON, but decreased serum TNF-α and IL-6 and ileal gene expression of TNF-α. Moreover, pigs fed GLU had increased relative composition of bacterial communities of genus Prevotella and Anaerovibrio and decreased genus Clostridium and Terrisporobacter compared with those fed CON. This study suggests that dietary GLU influences growth performance and health of weaned pigs by modulating nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, ileal gene expression of tight junction proteins and cytokines, immune responses, and microbial community in the gut.

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Clostridium perfringens: a review of the disease in pigs, horses and broiler chickens

Abstract: Clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Change management reduces antibiotic use on pig farms

Change management reduces antibiotic use on pig farms

Sows fed with synergistic blend of short- and medium chain organic acid has a carryover effect on post-weaning growth rate

Dietary Glutamic Acid Modulates Immune Responses and Gut Health of Weaned Pigs

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