Low concentrations of grape seed extract maintain osteoblast morphology, cell adhesion, and mineralization

Abstract

The increase in life expectancy has led to a higher incidence of osteoporosis, characterized by an imbalance in bone remodeling. Several drugs are used for its treatment, but most promote undesirable side effects. The present investigation evaluated the effects of two low concentrations of grape seed extract (GSE) rich in proanthocyanidins on MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. The cells were cultured in an osteogenic medium and divided into control (C), 0.1 µg/mL GSE (GSE0.1), and 1.0 µg/mL GSE (GSE1.0) groups to evaluate cell morphology, adhesion, and proliferation, in situ alkaline phosphatase (ALP) detection, mineralization and immunolocalization of osteopontin (OPN). The data obtained were analyzed by statistical tests for a significance of 5%. Cell morphology was maintained with both GSE concentrations, whereas cell adhesion significantly increased within three days in all groups. Cell proliferation increased significantly at seven days of culture, followed by a significant decrease in all experimental periods, with no statistical difference among them. In situ detection of ALP and mineralization increased with time, but within each period, no statistical differences among groups were observed. The expression of osteopontin was distributed regularly with more intensity after 24 hours in the GSE0.1 group. After three days, OPN expression was more intense in the control group, followed by GSE0.1 and GSE1.0 groups. Data obtained suggest that low concentrations of GSE do not affect the morphology and may stimulate the functional activity of osteoblastic cells.

Proanthocyanidin/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Electrospun Polylactic Acid Nanofibers: Preparation, Characterization, and Effects on Dental Pulp Stem Cells

“…The impact of polyphenols and grape seed extracts on osteoblastic functional activity has been explored in previous in vitro studies , and increased mineralization nodules were also demonstrated through ARS . ARS was used to assess the osteo-odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs both independently and in response to PA release from PLA-IC-Nfs under two different medium conditions on the 14th and 18th days (Figure c).…”