Molar-incisor hypomineralization and dental caries: A hierarchical approach in a populational-based study

Abstract

The last couple of decades has seen an increasing interest in molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) studies. Hypomineralized defects can have several consequences such as hypersensitivity, increased dental plaque accumulation, and consequently higher caries risk. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MIH and its association with dental caries in schoolchildren from a city in southern Brazil. A random cluster sample of schoolchildren was selected. Clinical examinations were carried out to collect information on MIH (following the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria), dental caries (using the DMF-T index) and gingivitis. Socioeconomic, demographic and behavior variables were collected using a standardized questionnaire answered by the children’s parents/caregivers. Prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using Poisson regression analysis with robust variance through a hierarchical approach (p<0.05). A total of 513 schoolchildren were included in the study. MIH and caries prevalence was 19.7% and 31.6%, respectively. The mean age was 11.6 (+1.9) years. Dental caries was more prevalent in children with MIH (PR 1.39; 95% CI 1.05 - 1.85). Older children and children whose families were enrolled in conditional cash transference programs (PR 1.97 95% CI 1.47 - 2.64), and children who did not have their mother or father as the head of the family (PR 1.56 95% CI 1.06 - 2.30) presented a higher prevalence of dental caries. Our findings suggest that children with MIH are more likely to have dental caries.

Avaliação das condições de Saúde Bucal das crianças e adolescentes do Lar Batista F.F. Soren e a percepção dos cuidadores acerca das orientações de higiene oral

“…Ademais, foi notado também a presença de desgaste dental em algumas crianças e Hipomineralização Molar-Incisivo (HMI), que é um defeito de desenvolvimento de esmalte com etiologia multifatorial (Kuklik et al, 2020), os defeitos podem apresentar várias consequências, como hipersensibilidade, aumento do acúmulo de placa bacteriana e, consequentemente, maior risco de desenvolvimento de lesão de cárie se associado a outros fatores (Bonzanini et al, 2021).…”

Prevalence of Molar-incisor hypomineralization in Iranian children – A systematic review and narrative synthesis

“…A more recent meta-analysis published in 2021, reported a pooled prevalence of 13.5%, with the highest and lowest prevalence in American (15.3%) and Asian (10.7%) continents [ 11 ]. Other studies have even reported prevalence as low as 2.7% (Egypt) [ 12 ] to up to 19.7% (Brazil) [ 13 ].…”