Histological Comparison between Biphasic Calcium Phosphate and Deproteinized Bovine Bone on Critical-Size Bone Defects

Abstract

The limited options for bone repair have led to an extensive research of the field and the development of alloplastic and xenogeneic grafts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone repair with two bone substitutes: deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) and biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (BCP) in critical-size defect. A total of 8-mm defects were made in the parietal bones of rabbits (n=12). The animals were divided into three experimental groups: sham (defect filled with a blood clot), DBB (defect filled with DBB), and BCP (defect filled with BCP). After the experimental periods of 15 and 45 days, the animals were euthanized and submitted to histomorphometric analysis. The total defect area, mineralized tissue area, biomaterial area, and soft tissue area were evaluated. A greater amount of immature bone tissue and biomaterial particles were observed in the BCP group compared to DBB and sham at 45 days (p<0.05). There was no difference in the qualitative pattern of bone deposition between DBB and BCP. However, the sham group did not show osteoid islands along with the defect, presenting a greater amount of collagen fibers as well in relation to the DBB and BCP groups. There was a greater number of inflammatory cells in the DBB at 45 days compared to BCP and sham groups. In conclusion, BCP and DBB are options for optimizing the use of bone grafts for maxillofacial rehabilitation. Bone defects treated with BCP showed greater deposition of bone tissue at 45 days.

Análise comparativa entre os enxertos autógeno e beta fosfato tricálcio associado à hidroxiapatita no tratamento de levantamento de seio maxilar: revisão de literatura

“…Entretanto, apresenta desvantagens por necessitar de maior tempo clínico, quantidade limitada e pequena morbidade relacionada ao procedimento de excisão óssea (Galia et al, 2011). Portanto, biomateriais tornaram-se fortes alternativas para superar tais limitações, sendo que os enxertos sejam sintéticos ou naturais prometem ser fidedignos às boas propriedades físico-químicas da enxertia autógena (Brito et al, 2021).…”

“…Não apresentam restrições de quantidade e a transmissão de doenças por infecção cruzada é improvável (Brito et al, 2021).…”

“…É evidenciado que a associação de um biomaterial sintético e um enxerto autógeno pode resultar em uma maior quantidade de osso neoformado (Brito et al, 2021;De Souza et al, 2016). O osso humano seco e congelado desmineralizado, beta fosfato tricálcio (BFT), hidroxiapatita natural, vidro bioativo e hidroxiapatita (HA) sintética são exemplos de biomateriais que estão sendo estudados e utilizados no tratamento de enxerto.…”