Effects of Selective Versus Non-Selective COX-2 Inhibition on Experimental Periodontitis

Abstract

In the present study we compared the effects of the selective COX-2 inhibitor etoricoxib with those of the classical non-selective NSAID diclofenac on the inflammatory process and alveolar bone loss in an experimental model of periodontitis in rats. Ninety male Holtzman rats (250 g) were randomly sorted into four experimental groups: Sham+CMC and Ligature+CMC (control) groups which received 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) solution; Ligature+Diclofenac and Ligature+Etoricoxib groups which received Potassium Diclofenac and Etoricoxib, respectively, suspended in 0.5% CMC (10 mg/kg/day). At 7, 14 and 21 days after placing ligatures in the cervical region of both the lower right and left first molars, the animals were euthanized. At the end of each period, the mandibles were collected for radiographic examination of alveolar bone loss. In addition, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament tissue samples were collected for COX-2 expression analysis and gingival tissues were collected for measurement of PGE2 contents. Animals with ligature-induced periodontal disease showed significant increased COX-2 gene expression at days 7, 14 and 21 (p<0.05) on alveolar bone and periodontal ligament. However, both treatments resulted in significantly reduced alveolar bone loss when compared to the untreated Ligature group (p<0.05), with no statistical difference between Etoricoxib and Diclofenac Potassium groups. This study shows that both drugs were able to reduce alveolar bone loss after periodontal disease induction.

CpG immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotide 1826 as a novel nasal ODN adjuvant enhanced the protective efficacy of the periodontitis gene vaccine in a periodontitis model in SD rats

“…COX-2 acts as a mediator in the inflammatory pathways and strongly activates the inflammatory response by releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1β [ 50 ]. It has been demonstrated that COX inhibitors could significantly reduce alveolar bone loss in periodontitis rats [ 51 , 52 ]. RANKL, a polypeptide of amino acids, binds to RANK on the cellular membranes of osteoclast precursors.…”

Crystallography, Molecular Modeling, and COX-2 Inhibition Studies on Indolizine Derivatives

“…The crystal structure of 5c crystallized in the monoclinic space group P 2 1 /n with eight molecules in the unit cell. The lattice parameters were a = 12.0497(6)Å, b = 17.8324(10)Å, c = 19.6052(11)Å, α = 90.000 • , β = 100.372(1) • , γ = 90.000 • , and V = 4143.8(4)Å 3 . The asymmetric unit of 5c crystal structure showed two molecules which preferred the intramolecular C-H•••O interactions shown as a dotted line and 50% thermal ellipsoidal probability of non-hydrogen atoms (Table 3 and Figure 3).…”

“…NSAIDs exhibit their anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of prostaglandin G2 (PGG2). By inhibiting the formation of PGG2, the pathway, which would ultimately lead to the inflammatory response, is blocked [2,3]. The COX enzyme has two important isoforms, namely, COX-1 and COX-2.…”

Percepção dos adolescentes de uma escola estadual sobre a gravidez na adolescência

“…Funções fisiológicas importantes são atribuídas à COX-1 através da síntese de prostanóides, como a manutenção da homeostase, proteção da mucosa gástrica e agregação plaquetária, que acabam por serem inibidas devido ao uso de AINEs (MORO et al, 2019). Reações comuns ao uso indiscriminado de AINEs incluem hipersensibilidade, dependência física e psíquica, encobrimento dos sintomas e agravamento de doenças de base (OLIVEIRA; PELÓGIA, 2011).…”