Influence Of Genetic Polymorphisms In Genes Of Bone Remodeling And Angiogenesis Process In The Apical Periodontitis

Abstract

Persistent apical periodontitis (AP) is a situation involving an inflammatory and immune response caused mainly by anaerobic polymicrobial infection of the root canal system and the outcome and follow-up of the root canal treatment has been reported as intimately related to host response. The apical periodontitis repair might be associated with genetic polymorphisms. This study aimed to evaluate the association between HIF1A genetic polymorphisms (rs2301113 and rs2057482) with PAP in Brazilian patients. Subjects with at least 1 year of follow-up after root canal therapy (RCT) were recalled. Sixty-four subjects with signs/symptoms of PAP and 84 subjects with root canal-treated teeth exhibiting healthy perirradicular tissues (healed) were included. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva and used for HIF1A genotyping by real-time PCR. Genotype and allele frequencies were compared by c2 or Fisher's exact tests and odds ratio was implemented, using Epi Info 3.5.2. All tests were performed with an established alpha of 0.05. There was no association between allele and genotype distribution for HIF1As polymorphisms and PAP (p>0.05). The genetic polymorphisms in HIF1A were not associated with persistent apical periodontitis.

Association between Estrogen, Vitamin D and Microrna17 Gene Polymorphisms and Periapical Lesions

“…A sample of 162 (117 females and 45 males) patients were evaluated in the present study. The recruitment of the subjects was previously described in Mazzi-Chaves et al (3) and in Petean et al (13). Only subjects with pulp necrosis associated with apical periodontitis at the beginning of the root canal therapy and those that attended regular follow-up visit were selected.…”

“…The apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory and infection condition that results from a host reaction of anaerobic polymicrobial infection of the root canal system, which leads to necrosis of the pulp tissue (1)(2)(3). This inflammatory reaction causes destruction of periradicular tissues, which can be observed in periapical radiographs as radiolucent areas confined to the root apex (1)(2)(3)(4). The complete healing of the apical periodontitis and the restoration of the function are the fundamental goals of non-surgical root canal therapy (5).…”

“…The complete healing of the apical periodontitis and the restoration of the function are the fundamental goals of non-surgical root canal therapy (5). However, the persistent apical periodontitis (PAP) after satisfactory root canal therapy may occur (6), and many studies have been demonstrating that genetic polymorphisms are involved in the PAP (3,(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Genetic polymorphisms can be defined as differences in the human DNA sequence, in more than 1% of the population, which influence the organism's susceptibility to disease and its responses to the environment (3,(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13).…”

Current trends of genetics in apical periodontitis research

“…In the past decade, a growing number of studies have demonstrated that genetic polymorphisms play an important role in AP pathogenesis and phenotype. 16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29 The genetic polymorphisms studied in endodontics have so far focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms, also known as SNP. These genetic polymorphisms are the most common form of DNA sequence variation, and account for more than 90% of all variations present in the human genome.…”

“…In fact, studies using knockout mice (KO) as an animal model, 7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15 and studies with human samples, 16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29 evaluating the complexity of endodontic biology, have revealed that many genes are involved in AP pathogenesis. These studies point to candidate genes that could act as genetic markers for inter-individual host response variations in AP establishment and formation.…”