In Vitro Antimicrobial Effect of Bioadhesive Oral Membrane with Chlorhexidine Gel

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the antimicrobial effect of a bioadhesive chitosan-based oral membrane with chlorhexidine for local treatment of infections in the oral tissues. Five oral membranes of different compositions were tested: 5% chitosan (G1); 5% chitosan ± 0.2% chlorhexidine (G2), 5% chitosan ± 0.6% chlorhexidine (G3), 5% chitosan ± 1.0% chlorhexidine (G4), and 5% chitosan ± 2.0% chlorhexidine (G5). Also, five gel types were tested according to the following compositions: 5% chitosan gel (G6), 0.2% chlorhexidine gel (G7), 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G8), 5% chitosan gel ± 0.2% chlorhexidine gel (G9), and 5% chitosan gel ± 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G10). The antimicrobial action of the samples was tested against Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans through antibiogram by measuring the inhibition halos. Data were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test (p<0.05). The 2.0% chlorhexidine membrane (G5) and the disks containing 2.0% chlorhexidine gel (G8) showed the greatest inhibition halos for both microorganisms, with statistically significant difference when compared to others tested groups (p=0.008) only for Candida albicans inhibitions results. All the other formulations of membranes and gels showed inhibition halos, but without statistically significant difference. The bioadhesive chitosan-based oral membrane with 2% chlorhexidine and 2% chlorhexidine gel were the most effective in inhibiting the tested microorganisms.

Pulp repair response after the use of a dentin-pulp biostimulation membrane (BBio) in primary teeth: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

“…The current tissue bioengineering trends aim at replacing the injured cells or stimulating the growth of the injured tissue through biomaterials [4]. Accordingly, future studies should verify the effectiveness of the developing biomaterials [4,25,26,38]. A chitosan-based pulp dressing material seems a wise choice and provides a wise potential once this material exhibits a number of beneficial properties [23,42].…”

“…A chitosan-based pulp dressing material seems a wise choice and provides a wise potential once this material exhibits a number of beneficial properties [ 23 , 42 ]. The chitosan concentrations used to formulate the membranes are biocompatible, safe, and without side effects for humans’ tissues [ 25 , 26 ]. Also, several biomedical and dental studies employing chitosan as the primary principle of membranes for tissue repair demonstrate an extensively explored field such as tablets, drug delivery systems, and more recently in tissue engineering, showing good results of biocompatibility in contact with human cells [ 23 , 27 , 43 , 44 ].…”

“…Each layer will be individually placed and dried at 30 °C for 15 min. Then, the membrane (composed of three layers) will be dried for more 24 h [ 25 , 26 ]. After preparation and sterilization, the membrane will be placed on the pulp stumps.…”

“…Recent studies point out that biochemical and biophysical characteristics of polymers and membranes have great potential for application in different dentistry fields [24][25][26]. Due the biochemical properties of chitosan and the ability to interact and stimulate pulp cells, chitosan has been exploited in association with other materials to produce new bioactive pulp dressings [23,27].…”

“…After the successful in vitro biophysical and biological characterization of an intraoral multilayer membrane with chitosan [ 25 , 26 ], this study will aim to verify pulp repair response after the use of a new dentin-pulp biostimulation material in vital pulp therapy of primary teeth. The null hypothesis is that the new dentin-pulp biostimulation material will result in comparable clinical and radiographic success rate of MTA.…”