Association of Oral Lichen Planus and Electrocardiographic P-Wave Dispersion - An Original Research

Abstract

Lichen planus (LP) is considered to be a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disorder. Inflammation is considered to produce disturbances of lipid metabolism which may affect the myocardium. Increased P-Wave Dispersion (PWD) is demonstrated as an independent risk factor for developing atrial fibrillation (AF). Hence the present study has been conducted to explore the possible relationship of oral lichen planus (OLP) with AF by the evaluation of PWD. Twelve-lead electrocardiographs (ECG) were obtained from 45 OLP patients and 45 age and gender-matched healthy controls. The P-wave durations (Pmax and Pmin) were calculated in all 12 leads. The difference between Pmax and Pmin was defined as P-Wave Dispersion (PWD). After the PWD was recorded, the results were statistically analyzed. The study showed that PWD increased on surface ECG measurements in OLP patients who were otherwise asymptomatic in relation to cardiac conditions. The p value obtained was <0.001 which was highly significant. The present study suggests a highly statistically significant association of OLP with increased P-wave dispersion. Hence the patients with OLP should undergo cardiac evaluation and follow up for early detection of atrial fibrillation.